北师大版2018年小学四年级数学下册期末考试试卷及答案

<strong><span>一、</span><span>填空。(22分)</span></strong><br><br><span>1.&nbsp;</span><span>34厘米是1米的(&nbsp; )/(&nbsp; )</span><span>是</span>(&nbsp; )/(&nbsp; )<span>米,还可以写成( &nbsp;&nbsp;)米。</span><br><br><span>2.&nbsp;</span><span>5.75这个数中,左边的“5”在( &nbsp;&nbsp;)位上,表示( &nbsp;&nbsp;),右边的“5”在( &nbsp;&nbsp;)位上,表示( &nbsp;&nbsp;),左边的“5”比右边的“5”多( &nbsp;&nbsp;)。</span><br><br><span>3.&nbsp;</span><span>一个数先缩小到原来的1/100</span><span>后,再把小数点向右移动一位是0.306.这个数是( &nbsp;&nbsp;)。</span><br><br><span>4.&nbsp;</span><span>6米3厘米=( &nbsp;&nbsp;)米 &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;56克=( &nbsp;&nbsp;)千克</span><br><br><span>5.&nbsp;</span><span>一个等腰三角形,一个底角是50°,顶角是( &nbsp;&nbsp;)。</span><br><br><span>6.&nbsp;</span><span>一个正方形的边长是x厘米,它的周长是( &nbsp;&nbsp;),面积是( &nbsp;&nbsp;)。</span><br><br><span>7.&nbsp;</span><span>把一个等边三角形分成两个直角三角形后,直角三角形的两个锐角分别是( &nbsp;&nbsp;)度和( &nbsp;&nbsp;)度。</span><br><br><span>8.&nbsp;</span><span>在火炉上烤饼,饼的两面都要烤,每烤一面要2分钟,火炉上只能同时放2张饼。要烤7张饼,至少需要( &nbsp;&nbsp;)分钟。</span><br><br><span>9.&nbsp;</span><span>右图中有( &nbsp;&nbsp;)个直角三角形,( &nbsp;&nbsp;)个锐角三角形,( &nbsp;&nbsp;)个钝角三角形。</span><br><br><span>10.&nbsp;</span><span>A元能买36块橡皮,格尺每把b元,</span><span>a</span><span>÷</span><span>36-b表示(&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; )。</span><br><br><strong><span>二、</span><span>判断。(10分)</span></strong><br><br><span>1.&nbsp;</span><span>0.484中最左边的4表示4个0.1,最右边的4表示4个0.01.( &nbsp;&nbsp;)</span><br><br><span>2.&nbsp;</span><span>用6厘米、5厘米、11厘米的三根小木棒能摆成一个三角形。( &nbsp;&nbsp;)</span><br><br><span>3.&nbsp;</span><span>爸爸今年a岁,小明比爸爸小27岁,小明今年(a-27)岁。( &nbsp;&nbsp;)</span><br><br><span>4.&nbsp;</span><span>两个数相乘,当第二个因数比1大时,积反而比第一个因数小。( &nbsp;&nbsp;)</span><br><br><span>5.&nbsp;</span><span>如果一个三角形的两个内角的度数和等于第三个内角的度数,那么这个三角形一定是直角三角形。( &nbsp;&nbsp;)</span><br><br><strong><span>三、</span><span>选择。(10分)</span></strong><br><br><span>1.&nbsp;</span><span>5.545 &nbsp;5.54 &nbsp;5.55 &nbsp;5.454 &nbsp;5.6 &nbsp;6.5这六个数中最大的是( &nbsp;&nbsp;),最小的是( &nbsp;&nbsp;)。</span><br><br><span>A.5.6 &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;B.5.454&nbsp; &nbsp; C.6.5</span><br><br><span>2.&nbsp;</span><span>下列各题中,积最大的是( &nbsp;&nbsp;)。</span><br><br><span>A.205</span><span>×</span><span>15 &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;B.2.05</span><span>×</span><span>1.5 &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;C.0.205</span><span>×</span><span>1.5</span><br><br><span>3.&nbsp;</span><span>如果x=0.6,那么x2的值是( &nbsp;&nbsp;)。</span><br><br><span>A.1.2 &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;B.3.6 &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;C.0.36</span><br><br><span>4.&nbsp;</span><span>大于3.5而小于3.7的小数有( &nbsp;&nbsp;)。</span><br><br><span>A.0个 &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;B.1个 &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;C.3个 &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;D.无数个</span><br><br><img src="//www.szxuexiao.com/uploadimages/2018/0514/2018514112834.jpg?m=0.1932371917478397"><br><br><strong><span>四、</span><span>计算。(32分)</span></strong><br><br><span>1.&nbsp;</span><span>直接写得数。(8分)</span><br><br><span>4</span><span>×</span><span>0.25= &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;5x+4x= &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;0.8</span><span>×</span><span>125= &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;15-0.89=</span><br><br><span>0.66+0.27= &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;0.08</span><span>×</span><span>1.2= &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;48</span><span>×</span><span>0.02= &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;4.7</span><span>×</span><span>0.1=</span><br><br><span>2.&nbsp;</span><span>列竖式计算。(6分)</span><br><br><span>31.26+4.8=&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;12.05-0.93=&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; 5.68</span><span>×</span><span>7.5=</span><br><br><br><span>3.&nbsp;</span><span>脱式计算。(能简算要简算)(9分)</span><br><br><span>15.73-(2.17+0.73)-1.83&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; 7.2</span><span>×</span><span>0.99&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; 6.15</span><span>×</span><span>8.4-42</span><br><br><br><span>4.&nbsp;</span><span>解方程。(9分)</span><br><br><span>90</span><span>÷</span><span>n=15&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; 6.8+16x=22.8&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;7y-4.2=9.8</span><br><br><br><strong><span>五、</span><span>解决问题。(26分)</span></strong><br><br><span>1.&nbsp;</span><span>小明有67.3元,小军有45.9元,他们合资购买一份礼物给王奶奶,他们俩余下多少元?(5分)</span><span>&nbsp;</span><br><br><span>2.&nbsp;</span><span>妈妈从超市买回来35千克大米和1.5千克肉,一共用去232.5元。已知肉每千克15元,大米每千克多少元?(用方程解)(5分)</span><br><br><span>3.&nbsp;</span><span>有36米布,正好裁成10件成人衣服和8件儿童衣服,每件儿童衣服用布1,5米,每件成人衣服用布多少米?(用两种方法解答)(6分)</span><div><br><span>4.&nbsp;</span><span>看图回答问题。(10分)</span><br><br><img src="//www.szxuexiao.com/uploadimages/2018/0514/2018514113020.png?m=0.25074240868244546"><br><br><span>(1)图中的室内温度是从( &nbsp;&nbsp;)时到( &nbsp;&nbsp;)时的,是每隔( &nbsp;&nbsp;)小时测量一次的。</span><br><br><span>(2)从( &nbsp;&nbsp;)时到( &nbsp;&nbsp;)时温度上升最快,从( &nbsp;&nbsp;)时到( &nbsp;&nbsp;)时温度下降最快。</span><br><br><span>(3)请你提出一个数学问题并解答。</span><br><br><br><div style="text-align: center;"><strong><font color="#38761d">附加题:(10分)</font></strong></div><br><span>  学校要买60个篮球,现在有甲、乙、丙三家店可以选择。三家店中篮球单价都为25元,但是各家优惠措施不同。</span><br><br>  <span>甲店:每个优惠4元。乙店:买10个免费送2个。丙店:购物满100元,返还现金18元。</span><br><br>  <span>你认为学校到哪家店购买更省钱?</span><br><br><br><div style="text-align: center;"><strong><font color="#38761d">北师大版2018年小学四年级数学下册期末考试试卷参考答案</font></strong></div><br><span>一、</span></div><div><span><br></span></div><div><span>1. 34/100 34/100</span><span>&nbsp;</span><span>0.34 &nbsp;</span></div><div><span><br></span></div><div><span>2. 个 &nbsp;5个一 &nbsp;百分 &nbsp;5个0.01 &nbsp;4.95 &nbsp;</span></div><div><span><br></span></div><div><span>3. 3.06</span><br><br><span>4.&nbsp;</span><span>6.03 &nbsp;0.056 &nbsp;5. 80°</span></div><div><span><br></span></div><div><span>5. 4x厘米 &nbsp;x2平方厘米 &nbsp;</span></div><div><span><br></span></div><div><span>6. 30 &nbsp;60&nbsp;</span></div><div><span><br></span></div><div><span>7. 1400</span><br><br><span>8.&nbsp;</span><span>4 &nbsp;2 &nbsp;2&nbsp;</span></div><div><span><br></span></div><div>9. 买36块橡皮的钱能买几把格尺 &nbsp;买一块橡皮比买一把格尺多多少钱<br><br>二、1.×&nbsp;&nbsp;2.×&nbsp;&nbsp;3.√ &nbsp;4.×&nbsp;&nbsp;5.√<br><br>三、1.CB &nbsp;2.A &nbsp;3.C &nbsp;4.D &nbsp;5.A<br><br>四、1. &nbsp;1 &nbsp;9x &nbsp;100 &nbsp;14.11 &nbsp;0.93 &nbsp;0.096 &nbsp;0.96 &nbsp;0.47 &nbsp;2. &nbsp;36.06 &nbsp;11.12 &nbsp;42.6 &nbsp;<br><br>竖式略 &nbsp;3. &nbsp;11 &nbsp;7.128 &nbsp;9.66 &nbsp;4. &nbsp;n=6 &nbsp;x=1 &nbsp;y=2<br><br>五、1. &nbsp;67.3+45.9-81.6=31.6(元)<br><br>2.&nbsp;解:设大米每千克x元。35x+1.5×15=232.5 &nbsp;x=6<br><br>3.&nbsp;方法一:解:设每件成人衣服用布x米。8×1.5+10x=36 &nbsp;x=2.4<br><br>&nbsp; 方法二:(36-8×1.5)÷10=2.4(米)<br><br>4.&nbsp;(1)8 &nbsp;17 &nbsp;1 &nbsp;(2)12 &nbsp;13 &nbsp;15 &nbsp;16 &nbsp;9时比8时,室内温度升高多少?<br><br>10-8=2℃(答案仅供参考)<br><br><strong>附加题:</strong><br><br>&nbsp; <strong>提示:</strong>先分别求出每家店买60个篮球需要多少钱,甲店:(25-4)×60=1260(元),乙店:优惠措施是买10送2,也就是买10个得到10+2=12(个),学校买60个篮球,需要买60÷12=5(组),也就是说需要购买10×5=50(个),需花费25×50=1250(元),丙店:先求出买60个篮球需要花费25×60=1500(元),x这些钱可以返还现金1500÷100×18=270(元),实际花费1500-270=230(元),进行比较:1230元&lt;1250元&lt;1260元,学校到丙店购买更省钱。<br><br></div>