2015年小升初数学模拟考试试卷及答案

<div style="text-align: center;"><font color="#ff0000"><span style="font-family: ‘‘; font-weight: bold;">2015</span><span style="font-family: 宋体; font-weight: bold;">年小升初数学模拟试卷</span></font></div><br><span style=" Calibri; font-weight:bold; mso-font-kerning:; ">一、选择题(满分15分),将正确答案番号用2B铅笔在答题卡上涂写.</span><span style=" Calibri; mso-font-kerning:; "></span><br><br><span style=" Calibri; mso-font-kerning:; ">1.(1.5分)把30分解质因数,正确的做法是(  )</span><span style=" Calibri; mso-font-kerning:; "></span><br><br><span style=" Calibri; mso-font-kerning:; ">A.30=1×2×3×5</span><span style=" Calibri; mso-font-kerning:; "> </span><span style=" Calibri; mso-font-kerning:; ">B.</span><span style=" Calibri; mso-font-kerning:; "> </span><span style=" Calibri; mso-font-kerning:; ">2×3×5=30</span><span style=" Calibri; mso-font-kerning:; "> </span><span style=" Calibri; mso-font-kerning:; ">C.</span><span style=" Calibri; mso-font-kerning:; "> </span><span style=" Calibri; mso-font-kerning:; ">30=2×3×5</span><br><br><font color="#ff0000"><span style=" Calibri; mso-font-kerning:; ">考点:</span><span style=" Calibri; mso-font-kerning:; "> </span><span style=" Calibri; mso-font-kerning:; ">合数分解质因数.</span><span style=" Calibri; mso-font-kerning:; "></span><br><br><span style=" Calibri; mso-font-kerning:; ">分析:</span><span style=" Calibri; mso-font-kerning:; "> </span><span style=" Calibri; mso-font-kerning:; ">分解质因数就是把一个合数写成几个质数的连乘积形式,一般先从简单的质数试着分解.</span><span style=" Calibri; mso-font-kerning:; "></span><br><br><span style=" Calibri; mso-font-kerning:; ">解答:</span><span style=" Calibri; mso-font-kerning:; "> </span><span style=" Calibri; mso-font-kerning:; ">解:A,30=1×2×3×5,其中1既不是质数,也不是合数,所以不正确;</span></font><span style=" Calibri; mso-font-kerning:; "></span><br><br><font color="#ff0000"><span style=" Calibri; mso-font-kerning:; ">B,2×3×5=30,此题是求几个数的积的运算,不是合数分解质因数;</span><span style=" Calibri; mso-font-kerning:; "></span><br><br><span style=" Calibri; mso-font-kerning:; ">C,30=2×3×5,符合要求,所以正确;</span><span style=" Calibri; mso-font-kerning:; "></span><br><br><span style=" Calibri; mso-font-kerning:; ">故选:C.</span></font><br><br><span style=" Calibri; mso-font-kerning:; ">2.(1.5分)一杯纯牛奶,喝去1/5</span><span style=" Calibri; mso-font-kerning:; ">,加清水摇匀,再喝去1/2</span><span style=" Calibri; mso-font-kerning:; ">,再加清水,这时杯中牛奶与水的比是(  )</span><span style=" Calibri; mso-font-kerning:; "></span><br><br><span style=" Calibri; mso-font-kerning:; ">A.3:7</span><span style=" Calibri; mso-font-kerning:; "> </span><span style=" Calibri; mso-font-kerning:; ">B.</span><span style=" Calibri; mso-font-kerning:; "> </span><span style=" Calibri; mso-font-kerning:; ">2:3</span><span style=" Calibri; mso-font-kerning:; "> </span><span style=" Calibri; mso-font-kerning:; ">C.</span><span style=" Calibri; mso-font-kerning:; "> </span><span style=" Calibri; mso-font-kerning:; ">2:5</span><span style=" Calibri; mso-font-kerning:; "> </span><span style=" Calibri; mso-font-kerning:; ">D.</span><span style=" Calibri; mso-font-kerning:; "> </span><span style=" Calibri; mso-font-kerning:; ">1:1</span><span style=" Calibri; mso-font-kerning:; "></span><br><br><font color="#ff0000"><span style=" Calibri; mso-font-kerning:; ">考点:</span><span style=" Calibri; mso-font-kerning:; "> </span><span style=" Calibri; mso-font-kerning:; ">比的意义.</span><span style=" Calibri; mso-font-kerning:; "></span><br><br><span style=" Calibri; mso-font-kerning:; ">分析:</span><span style=" Calibri; mso-font-kerning:; "> </span><span style=" Calibri; mso-font-kerning:; ">假设一杯纯牛奶的量为100,喝去1/5</span><span style=" Calibri; mso-font-kerning:; ">,即喝去了100×1/5</span><span style=" Calibri; mso-font-kerning:; ">=20,剩下的牛奶为100﹣20=80,“加满水搅匀,再喝去1/2</span><span style=" Calibri; mso-font-kerning:; ">”,则喝去的牛奶为80×1/2</span><span style=" Calibri; mso-font-kerning:; ">=40,再加满水后,杯中有牛奶100﹣20﹣40=40,有水100﹣40=60,于是可以求出此时杯中牛奶与水的比.</span><span style=" Calibri; mso-font-kerning:; "></span><br><br><span style=" Calibri; mso-font-kerning:; ">解答:</span><span style=" Calibri; mso-font-kerning:; "> </span><span style=" Calibri; mso-font-kerning:; ">解:假设一杯纯牛奶的量为100,喝去1/5</span><span style=" Calibri; mso-font-kerning:; ">,即喝去了100×1/5</span><span style=" Calibri; mso-font-kerning:; ">=20,</span><span style=" Calibri; mso-font-kerning:; "></span><br><br><span style=" Calibri; mso-font-kerning:; ">剩下的牛奶为100﹣20=80,</span><span style=" Calibri; mso-font-kerning:; "></span><br><br><span style=" Calibri; mso-font-kerning:; ">“加满水搅匀,再”,则喝去的牛奶为80×1/2</span><span style=" Calibri; mso-font-kerning:; ">=40,</span><span style=" Calibri; mso-font-kerning:; "></span><br><br><span style=" Calibri; mso-font-kerning:; ">再加满水后,杯中有牛奶100﹣20﹣40=40,有水100﹣40=60,</span><span style=" Calibri; mso-font-kerning:; "></span><br><br><span style=" Calibri; mso-font-kerning:; ">这时杯中牛奶与水的比为:</span><span style=" Calibri; mso-font-kerning:; "></span><br><br><span style=" Calibri; mso-font-kerning:; ">40:60,</span><span style=" Calibri; mso-font-kerning:; "></span><br><br><span style=" Calibri; mso-font-kerning:; ">=(40÷20):(60÷20),</span><span style=" Calibri; mso-font-kerning:; "></span><br><br><span style=" Calibri; mso-font-kerning:; ">=2:3;</span><span style=" Calibri; mso-font-kerning:; "></span><br><br><span style=" Calibri; mso-font-kerning:; ">故选:B.</span></font><span style=" Calibri; mso-font-kerning:; "></span><br><br><span style=" Calibri; mso-font-kerning:; ">3.(1.5分)一个三角形中,最大的一个角不能小于(  )</span><span style=" Calibri; mso-font-kerning:; "></span><br><br><span style=" Calibri; mso-font-kerning:; ">A.60°</span><span style=" Calibri; mso-font-kerning:; "> </span><span style=" Calibri; mso-font-kerning:; ">B.</span><span style=" Calibri; mso-font-kerning:; "> </span><span style=" Calibri; mso-font-kerning:; ">45°</span><span style=" Calibri; mso-font-kerning:; "> </span><span style=" Calibri; mso-font-kerning:; ">C.</span><span style=" Calibri; mso-font-kerning:; "> </span><span style=" Calibri; mso-font-kerning:; ">30°</span><span style=" Calibri; mso-font-kerning:; "> </span><span style=" Calibri; mso-font-kerning:; ">D.</span><span style=" Calibri; mso-font-kerning:; "> </span><span style=" Calibri; mso-font-kerning:; ">90°</span><span style=" Calibri; mso-font-kerning:; "></span><br><br><font color="#ff0000"><span style=" Calibri; mso-font-kerning:; ">考点:</span><span style=" Calibri; mso-font-kerning:; "> </span><span style=" Calibri; mso-font-kerning:; ">三角形的内角和.</span><span style=" Calibri; mso-font-kerning:; "></span><br><br><span style=" Calibri; mso-font-kerning:; ">分析:</span><span style=" Calibri; mso-font-kerning:; "> </span><span style=" Calibri; mso-font-kerning:; ">因为三角形的内角和是180度,可以进行假设验证,即可求得准确答案.</span><span style=" Calibri; mso-font-kerning:; "></span><br><br><span style=" Calibri; mso-font-kerning:; ">解答:</span><span style=" Calibri; mso-font-kerning:; "> </span><span style=" Calibri; mso-font-kerning:; ">解:假设最大角为60度,</span><span style=" Calibri; mso-font-kerning:; "></span><br><br><span style=" Calibri; mso-font-kerning:; ">则60°×3=180°</span><span style=" Calibri; mso-font-kerning:; "></span><br><br><span style=" Calibri; mso-font-kerning:; ">若最大角小于60°,则不能满足三角形的内角和是180度.</span><span style=" Calibri; mso-font-kerning:; "></span><br><br><span style=" Calibri; mso-font-kerning:; ">故选:A.</span></font><span style=" Calibri; mso-font-kerning:; "></span><br><br><span style=" Calibri; mso-font-kerning:; ">4.(1.5分)(2014&#8226;成都)甲数是乙数的2/3</span><span style=" Calibri; mso-font-kerning:; ">,乙数是丙数的4/5</span><span style=" Calibri; mso-font-kerning:; ">,甲、乙、丙三数的比是(  )</span><span style=" Calibri; mso-font-kerning:; "></span><br><br><span style=" Calibri; mso-font-kerning:; ">A.4:5:8</span><span style=" Calibri; mso-font-kerning:; "> </span><span style=" Calibri; mso-font-kerning:; ">B.</span><span style=" Calibri; mso-font-kerning:; "> </span><span style=" Calibri; mso-font-kerning:; ">4:5:6</span><span style=" Calibri; mso-font-kerning:; "> </span><span style=" Calibri; mso-font-kerning:; ">C.</span><span style=" Calibri; mso-font-kerning:; "> </span><span style=" Calibri; mso-font-kerning:; ">8:12:15</span><span style=" Calibri; mso-font-kerning:; "> </span><span style=" Calibri; mso-font-kerning:; ">D.</span><span style=" Calibri; mso-font-kerning:; "> </span><span style=" Calibri; mso-font-kerning:; ">12:8:15</span><span style=" Calibri; mso-font-kerning:; "></span><br><br><font color="#ff0000"><span style=" Calibri; mso-font-kerning:; ">考点:</span><span style=" Calibri; mso-font-kerning:; "> </span><span style=" Calibri; mso-font-kerning:; ">比的意义.</span><span style=" Calibri; mso-font-kerning:; "></span><br><br><span style=" Calibri; mso-font-kerning:; ">分析:</span><span style=" Calibri; mso-font-kerning:; "> </span><span style=" Calibri; mso-font-kerning:; ">根据题干分析可得,设甲数是2x,乙数是3x,则丙数就是3x÷4/5</span><span style=" Calibri; mso-font-kerning:; ">=(15/4)</span><span style=" Calibri; mso-font-kerning:; ">x,由此即可写出甲乙丙三个数的比是2x:3x:</span>(15/4)x<span style=" Calibri; mso-font-kerning:; ">,根据比的性质,即可得出最简比.</span><span style=" Calibri; mso-font-kerning:; "></span><br><br><span style=" Calibri; mso-font-kerning:; ">解答:</span><span style=" Calibri; mso-font-kerning:; "> </span><span style=" Calibri; mso-font-kerning:; ">解:设甲数是2x,乙</span><span style=" Calibri; mso-font-kerning:; ">数是3x,则丙数就是3x÷4/5</span><span style=" Calibri; mso-font-kerning:; ">=</span>(15/4)x<span style=" Calibri; mso-font-kerning:; ">,</span><span style=" Calibri; mso-font-kerning:; "></span><br><br><span style=" Calibri; mso-font-kerning:; ">所以甲乙丙三个数的比是2x:3x:</span>(15/4)x<span style=" Calibri; mso-font-kerning:; ">=8:12:15,</span><span style=" Calibri; mso-font-kerning:; "></span><br><br><span style=" Calibri; mso-font-kerning:; ">故选:C.</span></font><span style=" Calibri; mso-font-kerning:; "></span><br><br><span style=" Calibri; mso-font-kerning:; ">5.(1.5分)要使30:(9﹣3x)有意义,x不能是(  )</span><span style=" Calibri; mso-font-kerning:; "></span><br><br><span style=" Calibri; mso-font-kerning:; ">A.0</span><span style=" Calibri; mso-font-kerning:; "> </span><span style=" Calibri; mso-font-kerning:; ">B.</span><span style=" Calibri; mso-font-kerning:; "> </span><span style=" Calibri; mso-font-kerning:; ">1</span><span style=" Calibri; mso-font-kerning:; "> </span><span style=" Calibri; mso-font-kerning:; ">C.</span><span style=" Calibri; mso-font-kerning:; "> </span><span style=" Calibri; mso-font-kerning:; ">2</span><span style=" Calibri; mso-font-kerning:; "> </span><span style=" Calibri; mso-font-kerning:; ">D.</span><span style=" Calibri; mso-font-kerning:; "> </span><span style=" Calibri; mso-font-kerning:; ">3</span><span style=" Calibri; mso-font-kerning:; "></span><br><br><font color="#ff0000"><span style=" Calibri; mso-font-kerning:; ">考点:</span><span style=" Calibri; mso-font-kerning:; "> </span><span style=" Calibri; mso-font-kerning:; ">比的意义;用字母表示数.</span><span style=" Calibri; mso-font-kerning:; "></span><br><br><span style=" Calibri; mso-font-kerning:; ">分析:</span><span style=" Calibri; mso-font-kerning:; "> </span><span style=" Calibri; mso-font-kerning:; ">因为9﹣3x是比的后项,比的后项不能为0,所以9﹣3x≠0,由此求出x不能取的数.</span><span style=" Calibri; mso-font-kerning:; "></span><br><br><span style=" Calibri; mso-font-kerning:; ">解答:</span><span style=" Calibri; mso-font-kerning:; "> </span><span style=" Calibri; mso-font-kerning:; ">解:因为9﹣3x≠0,</span><span style=" Calibri; mso-font-kerning:; "></span><br><br><span style=" Calibri; mso-font-kerning:; ">所以9≠3x</span><span style=" Calibri; mso-font-kerning:; "></span><br><br><span style=" Calibri; mso-font-kerning:; ">x≠3,</span><span style=" Calibri; mso-font-kerning:; "></span><br><br><span style=" Calibri; mso-font-kerning:; ">故选:D.</span></font><span style=" Calibri; mso-font-kerning:; "></span><br><br><span style=" Calibri; mso-font-kerning:; ">6.(1.5分)下面交通标志图案中,是轴对称图形的是(  )</span><span style=" Calibri; mso-font-kerning:; "></span><br><br><span style=" Calibri; mso-font-kerning:; "><o:p><img src="//www.szxuexiao.com/uploadimages/2015/0306/201536154247.png?m=0.28859832091256976">&nbsp;</o:p></span><br><br><font color="#ff0000"><span style=" Calibri; mso-font-kerning:; ">考点:</span><span style=" Calibri; mso-font-kerning:; "> </span><span style=" Calibri; mso-font-kerning:; ">轴对称图形的辨识.</span><span style=" Calibri; mso-font-kerning:; "></span><br><br><span style=" Calibri; mso-font-kerning:; ">分析:</span><span style=" Calibri; mso-font-kerning:; "> </span><span style=" Calibri; mso-font-kerning:; ">根据轴对称图形的意义:如果一个图形沿着一条直线对折后两部分完全重合,这样的图形叫做轴对称图形,这条直线叫做对称轴;依次进行判断即可.</span><span style=" Calibri; mso-font-kerning:; "></span><br><br><span style=" Calibri; mso-font-kerning:; ">解答:</span><span style=" Calibri; mso-font-kerning:; "> </span><span style=" Calibri; mso-font-kerning:; ">解:根据轴对称图形的意义可知:A是轴对称图形,而B、C、D不是轴对称图形;</span><span style=" Calibri; mso-font-kerning:; "></span><br><br><span style=" Calibri; mso-font-kerning:; ">故选:A.</span></font><br><br><span style=" Calibri; mso-font-kerning:; ">7.(1.5分)(2014&#8226;成都)已知M=4322×1233,N=4321×1234,下面结论正确的是(  )</span><span style=" Calibri; mso-font-kerning:; "></span><br><span style=" Calibri; mso-font-kerning:; "><br></span><div><span style=" Calibri; mso-font-kerning:; ">A</span><span style=" Calibri; mso-font-kerning:; ">.</span><span style=" Calibri; mso-font-kerning:; ">M>N</span><span style=" Calibri; mso-font-kerning:; "> </span><span style=" Calibri; mso-font-kerning:; ">B.</span><span style=" Calibri; mso-font-kerning:; "> </span><span style=" Calibri; mso-font-kerning:; ">M=N</span><span style=" Calibri; mso-font-kerning:; "> </span><span style=" Calibri; mso-font-kerning:; ">C.</span><span style=" Calibri; mso-font-kerning:; "> </span><span style=" Calibri; mso-font-kerning:; ">M<N</span><span style=" Calibri; mso-font-kerning:; "> </span><span style=" Calibri; mso-font-kerning:; ">D.</span><span style=" Calibri; mso-font-kerning:; "> </span><span style=" Calibri; mso-font-kerning:; ">无法判断</span><span style=" Calibri; mso-font-kerning:; "></span><br><br><font color="#ff0000"><span style=" Calibri; mso-font-kerning:; ">考点:</span><span style=" Calibri; mso-font-kerning:; "> </span><span style=" Calibri; mso-font-kerning:; ">比较大小.</span><span style=" Calibri; mso-font-kerning:; "></span><br><br><span style=" Calibri; mso-font-kerning:; ">分析:</span><span style=" Calibri; mso-font-kerning:; "> </span><span style=" Calibri; mso-font-kerning:; ">N=4321×1234=(4322﹣1)×(1233+1)=4322×1233+4322﹣1233﹣1=M+3088,所以M<N,据此判断即可.</span><span style=" Calibri; mso-font-kerning:; "></span><br><br><span style=" Calibri; mso-font-kerning:; ">解答:</span><span style=" Calibri; mso-font-kerning:; "> </span><span style=" Calibri; mso-font-kerning:; ">解:N=4321×1234</span><span style=" Calibri; mso-font-kerning:; "></span><br><br><span style=" Calibri; mso-font-kerning:; ">=(4322﹣1)×(1233+1)</span><span style=" Calibri; mso-font-kerning:; "></span><br><br><span style=" Calibri; mso-font-kerning:; ">=4322×1233+4322﹣1233﹣1</span><span style=" Calibri; mso-font-kerning:; "></span><br><br><span style=" Calibri; mso-font-kerning:; ">=M+3088,</span><span style=" Calibri; mso-font-kerning:; "></span><br><br><span style=" Calibri; mso-font-kerning:; ">所以M<N.</span><span style=" Calibri; mso-font-kerning:; "></span><br><br><span style=" Calibri; mso-font-kerning:; ">故选:C.</span></font><br><br><span style=" Calibri; mso-font-kerning:; ">8.(1.5分)2014x=2013y,则x:y=(  )</span><span style=" Calibri; mso-font-kerning:; "></span><br><br><span style=" Calibri; mso-font-kerning:; ">A.2014:2013</span><span style=" Calibri; mso-font-kerning:; "> </span><span style=" Calibri; mso-font-kerning:; ">B.</span><span style=" Calibri; mso-font-kerning:; "> </span><span style=" Calibri; mso-font-kerning:; ">2013:2014</span><span style=" Calibri; mso-font-kerning:; "> </span><span style=" Calibri; mso-font-kerning:; ">C.</span><span style=" Calibri; mso-font-kerning:; "> </span><span style=" Calibri; mso-font-kerning:; ">2014:4027</span><span style=" Calibri; mso-font-kerning:; "> </span><span style=" Calibri; mso-font-kerning:; ">D.</span><span style=" Calibri; mso-font-kerning:; "> </span><span style=" Calibri; mso-font-kerning:; ">4027:2014</span><br><br><font color="#ff0000"><span style=" Calibri; mso-font-kerning:; ">考点:</span><span style=" Calibri; mso-font-kerning:; "> </span><span style=" Calibri; mso-font-kerning:; ">比例的意义和基本性质.</span><span style=" Calibri; mso-font-kerning:; "></span><br><br><span style=" Calibri; mso-font-kerning:; ">分析:</span><span style=" Calibri; mso-font-kerning:; "> </span><span style=" Calibri; mso-font-kerning:; ">根据比例的性质,把所给的等式2014x=2013y,改写成一个外项是x,一个内项是y的比例,则和x相乘的数2014就作为比例的另一个外项,和y相乘的数2013就作为比例的另一个内项,据此写出比例即可.</span><span style=" Calibri; mso-font-kerning:; "></span><br><br><span style=" Calibri; mso-font-kerning:; ">解答:</span><span style=" Calibri; mso-font-kerning:; "> </span><span style=" Calibri; mso-font-kerning:; ">解:如果2014x=2013y,那么x:y=2013:2014.</span><span style=" Calibri; mso-font-kerning:; "></span><br><br><span style=" Calibri; mso-font-kerning:; ">故选:B.</span></font><span style=" Calibri; mso-font-kerning:; "></span><br><br><span style=" Calibri; mso-font-kerning:; ">9.(1.5分)一个长方形的长为a,宽为b(a>b),若长增加20%,宽减少20%,则它的面积(  )</span><span style=" Calibri; mso-font-kerning:; "></span><br><br><span style=" Calibri; mso-font-kerning:; ">A.增加20%</span><span style=" Calibri; mso-font-kerning:; "> </span><span style=" Calibri; mso-font-kerning:; ">B.</span><span style=" Calibri; mso-font-kerning:; "> </span><span style=" Calibri; mso-font-kerning:; ">减少20%</span><span style=" Calibri; mso-font-kerning:; "> </span><span style=" Calibri; mso-font-kerning:; ">C.</span><span style=" Calibri; mso-font-kerning:; "> </span><span style=" Calibri; mso-font-kerning:; ">减少4%</span><span style=" Calibri; mso-font-kerning:; "> </span><span style=" Calibri; mso-font-kerning:; ">D.</span><span style=" Calibri; mso-font-kerning:; "> </span><span style=" Calibri; mso-font-kerning:; ">不变</span><span style=" Calibri; mso-font-kerning:; "></span><br><br><font color="#ff0000"><span style=" Calibri; mso-font-kerning:; ">考点:</span><span style=" Calibri; mso-font-kerning:; "> </span><span style=" Calibri; mso-font-kerning:; ">百分数的实际应用;长方形、正方形的面积.</span><span style=" Calibri; mso-font-kerning:; "></span><br><br><span style=" Calibri; mso-font-kerning:; ">分析:</span><span style=" Calibri; mso-font-kerning:; "> </span><span style=" Calibri; mso-font-kerning:; ">先依据面积=长×宽,求出长方形原来的面积,再把长方形原来的长和宽分别看作单位“1”,长增加20%就是原来长度的1+20=120%,宽减少20%就是原来长度的1﹣20%=80%,运用分数乘法意义,分别求出后来的长和宽,然后依据面积=长×宽,求出后来的面积,最后与原来面积比较即可解答.</span><span style=" Calibri; mso-font-kerning:; "></span><br><br><span style=" Calibri; mso-font-kerning:; ">解答:</span><span style=" Calibri; mso-font-kerning:; "> </span><span style=" Calibri; mso-font-kerning:; ">解:[a×(1+20%)</span><span style=" mso-font-kerning:; ">]</span><span style=" Calibri; mso-font-kerning:; ">×[b×(1﹣20%)</span><span style=" mso-font-kerning:; ">]</span><span style=" Calibri; mso-font-kerning:; "></span><br><br><span style=" Calibri; mso-font-kerning:; ">=[a×120%</span><span style=" mso-font-kerning:; ">]</span><span style=" Calibri; mso-font-kerning:; ">×[b×80%</span><span style=" mso-font-kerning:; ">]</span><span style=" Calibri; mso-font-kerning:; "></span><br><br><span style=" Calibri; mso-font-kerning:; ">=96%ab</span><span style=" Calibri; mso-font-kerning:; "></span><br><br><span style=" Calibri; mso-font-kerning:; ">ab﹣96%ab=4%ab</span><span style=" Calibri; mso-font-kerning:; "></span><br><br><span style=" Calibri; mso-font-kerning:; ">故选:C.</span></font><span style=" Calibri; mso-font-kerning:; "></span><br><br><span style=" Calibri; mso-font-kerning:; ">10.(1.5分)有一根1米长的木条,第一次据掉它的1/3</span><span style=" Calibri; mso-font-kerning:; ">,第二次据掉余下的1/4</span><span style=" Calibri; mso-font-kerning:; ">,第三次据掉余下的1/5</span><span style=" Calibri; mso-font-kerning:; ">,…,这样下去,最后一次据掉余下的1/8</span><span style=" Calibri; mso-font-kerning:; ">,这根木条最后剩(  )</span><span style=" Calibri; mso-font-kerning:; "></span><br><br><span style=" Calibri; mso-font-kerning:; ">A.1/3</span><span style=" Calibri; mso-font-kerning:; ">米</span><span style=" Calibri; mso-font-kerning:; "> </span><span style=" Calibri; mso-font-kerning:; ">B.</span><span style=" Calibri; mso-font-kerning:; ">1/4</span><span style=" Calibri; mso-font-kerning:; ">米</span><span style=" Calibri; mso-font-kerning:; "> </span><span style=" Calibri; mso-font-kerning:; ">C.1/5</span><span style=" Calibri; mso-font-kerning:; ">米</span><span style=" Calibri; mso-font-kerning:; "> </span><span style=" Calibri; mso-font-kerning:; ">D.1/6</span><span style=" Calibri; mso-font-kerning:; ">米</span><br><br><font color="#ff0000"><span style=" Calibri; mso-font-kerning:; ">考点:</span><span style=" Calibri; mso-font-kerning:; "> </span><span style=" Calibri; mso-font-kerning:; ">算术中的规律.</span><span style=" Calibri; mso-font-kerning:; "></span><br><br><span style=" Calibri; mso-font-kerning:; ">分析:</span><span style=" Calibri; mso-font-kerning:; "> </span><span style=" Calibri; mso-font-kerning:; ">由题可知,此题单位“1”不固定,先把一根绳子长1米看作单位“1”,以后每次都把前一次余下的长度看作单位“1”,再根据一个数的几分</span><span style=" Calibri; mso-font-kerning:; ">之几是多少,用乘法计算.</span><span style=" Calibri; mso-font-kerning:; "></span><br><br><span style=" Calibri; mso-font-kerning:; ">解答:</span><span style=" Calibri; mso-font-kerning:; "> </span><span style=" Calibri; mso-font-kerning:; ">解:1×(1﹣1/3</span><span style=" Calibri; mso-font-kerning:; ">)×(1﹣1/4</span><span style=" Calibri; mso-font-kerning:; ">)×(1﹣1/5</span><span style=" Calibri; mso-font-kerning:; ">)×(1﹣1/6</span><span style=" Calibri; mso-font-kerning:; ">)×(1﹣1/7</span><span style=" Calibri; mso-font-kerning:; ">)×(1﹣1/8</span><span style=" Calibri; mso-font-kerning:; ">)</span><span style=" Calibri; mso-font-kerning:; "></span><br><br><span style=" Calibri; mso-font-kerning:; ">=1×2/3</span><span style=" Calibri; mso-font-kerning:; ">×3/4</span><span style=" Calibri; mso-font-kerning:; ">×4/5</span><span style=" Calibri; mso-font-kerning:; ">×5/6</span><span style=" Calibri; mso-font-kerning:; ">×6/7</span><span style=" Calibri; mso-font-kerning:; ">×7/8</span><span style=" Calibri; mso-font-kerning:; "></span><br><br><span style=" Calibri; mso-font-kerning:; ">=1/4</span><span style=" Calibri; mso-font-kerning:; ">(米),</span><span style=" Calibri; mso-font-kerning:; "></span><br><br><span style=" Calibri; mso-font-kerning:; ">答:这根绳子还剩下1/4</span><span style=" Calibri; mso-font-kerning:; ">米.</span><span style=" Calibri; mso-font-kerning:; "></span><br><br><span style=" Calibri; mso-font-kerning:; ">故选:B.</span></font><span style=" Calibri; mso-font-kerning:; "></span><br><br><span style=" Calibri; font-weight:bold; mso-font-kerning:; ">二、判断题(</span><span style=" Calibri; font-weight:bold; mso-font-kerning:; ">每题1分,</span><span style=" Calibri; font-weight:bold; mso-font-kerning:; ">满分10分).在答题卡上用2B铅笔正确的涂A,错误的涂B.</span><span style=" Calibri; mso-font-kerning:; "></span><br><br><span style=" Calibri; mso-font-kerning:; ">1</span><span style=" Calibri; mso-font-kerning:; ">1.比1小的数一定是小数.</span><span style=" Calibri; text-decoration:underline; text-underline:single; mso-font-kerning:; "> × </span><span style=" Calibri; mso-font-kerning:; ">.(判断对错)</span><br><br><font color="#ff0000"><span style=" Calibri; mso-font-kerning:; ">考点:</span><span style=" Calibri; mso-font-kerning:; "> </span><span style=" Calibri; mso-font-kerning:; ">小数的读写、意义及分类.</span><span style=" Calibri; mso-font-kerning:; "></span><br><br><span style=" Calibri; mso-font-kerning:; ">分析:</span><span style=" Calibri; mso-font-kerning:; "> </span><span style=" Calibri; mso-font-kerning:; ">比1小的数还有“0”和负整数,据此解答即可.</span><span style=" Calibri; mso-font-kerning:; "></span><br><br><span style=" Calibri; mso-font-kerning:; ">解答:</span><span style=" Calibri; mso-font-kerning:; "> </span><span style=" Calibri; mso-font-kerning:; ">解:由分析可知,比1小的数一定是小数,说法错误;</span><span style=" Calibri; mso-font-kerning:; "></span><br><br><span style=" Calibri; mso-font-kerning:; ">答案为:×.</span></font><br><br><span style=" Calibri; mso-font-kerning:; ">12.任意翻阅2014年的台历,翻到星期一的可能性比翻到1号的可能性大.</span><span style=" Calibri; text-decoration:underline; text-underline:single; mso-font-kerning:; "> √ </span><span style=" Calibri; mso-font-kerning:; ">.(判断对错)</span><span style=" Calibri; mso-font-kerning:; "></span><br><br><font color="#ff0000"><span style=" Calibri; mso-font-kerning:; ">考点:</span><span style=" Calibri; mso-font-kerning:; "> </span><span style=" Calibri; mso-font-kerning:; ">小数的读写、意义及分类.</span><span style=" Calibri; mso-font-kerning:; "></span><br><br><span style=" Calibri; mso-font-kerning:; ">分析:</span><span style=" Calibri; mso-font-kerning:; "> </span><span style=" Calibri; mso-font-kerning:; ">每七天有一个星期一,每个月有一个1号,所以任意翻阅2014年的台历,翻到星期一的可能性比翻到1号的可能性大,据此解答即可.</span><span style=" Calibri; mso-font-kerning:; "></span><br><br><span style=" Calibri; mso-font-kerning:; ">解答:</span><span style=" Calibri; mso-font-kerning:; "> </span><span style=" Calibri; mso-font-kerning:; ">解:每七天有一个星期一,每个月有一个1号,</span><span style=" Calibri; mso-font-kerning:; "></span><br><br><span style=" Calibri; mso-font-kerning:; ">所以任意翻阅2014年的台历,翻到星期一的可能性比翻到1号的可能性大,</span><span style=" Calibri; mso-font-kerning:; "></span><br><br><span style=" Calibri; mso-font-kerning:; ">因此题中说法正确.</span><span style=" Calibri; mso-font-kerning:; "></span><br><br><span style=" Calibri; mso-font-kerning:; ">答案为:√.</span><span style=" Calibri; mso-font-kerning:; "></span><br><br><span style=" Calibri; mso-font-kerning:; ">点评:</span><span style=" Calibri; mso-font-kerning:; "> </span><span style=" Calibri; mso-font-kerning:; ">解答此类问题的关键是分两种情况</span><span style=" Calibri; mso-font-kerning:; ">:(1)需要计算可能性的大小的准确值时,根据求可能性的方法:求一个数是另一个数的几分之几,用除法列式解答即可;(2)不需要计算可能性的大小的准确值时,可以根据每个日期数量的多少,直接判断可能性的大小.</span></font><span style=" Calibri; mso-font-kerning:; "></span><br><br><span style=" Calibri; mso-font-kerning:; ">13.(1分)图上距离总比实际距离小.</span><span style=" Calibri; text-decoration:underline; text-underline:single; mso-font-kerning:; "> 错误 </span><span style=" Calibri; mso-font-kerning:; ">.&nbsp;(判断对错)</span><br><br><font color="#ff0000"><span style=" Calibri; mso-font-kerning:; ">考点:</span><span style=" Calibri; mso-font-kerning:; "> </span><span style=" Calibri; mso-font-kerning:; ">比例尺.</span><span style=" Calibri; mso-font-kerning:; "></span><br><br><span style=" Calibri; mso-font-kerning:; ">分析:</span><span style=" Calibri; mso-font-kerning:; "> </span><span style=" Calibri; mso-font-kerning:; ">图上距离与实际距离的比是比例尺,但图上距离并不是都比实际距离小,比如一些精密的仪器,它们的实际长度比较小,但在画图时,为了观察和操作方便,就需要图上的距离比实际距离大一些,由此即可判断正误.</span><span style=" Calibri; mso-font-kerning:; "></span><br><br><span style=" Calibri; mso-font-kerning:; ">解答:</span><span style=" Calibri; mso-font-kerning:; "> </span><span style=" Calibri; mso-font-kerning:; ">解:因为一些精密的仪器,它们的实际长度比较小,</span><span style=" Calibri; mso-font-kerning:; "></span><br><br><span style=" Calibri; mso-font-kerning:; ">但在画图时,为了观察和操作方便,需要画的大一些,</span><span style=" Calibri; mso-font-kerning:; "></span><br><br><span style=" Calibri; mso-font-kerning:; ">所以,图上距离并不总是比实际距离小,</span><span style=" Calibri; mso-font-kerning:; "></span><br><br><span style=" Calibri; mso-font-kerning:; ">答案为:错误.</span></font><span style=" Calibri; mso-font-kerning:; "></span><br><br><span style=" Calibri; mso-font-kerning:; ">14.用“四舍五入”法取近似值,约等于0.5的两位小数中最大的是0.49.</span><span style=" Calibri; text-decoration:underline; text-underline:single; mso-font-kerning:; "> × </span><span style=" Calibri; mso-font-kerning:; ">.(判断对错)</span><br><br><font color="#ff0000"><span style=" Calibri; mso-font-kerning:; ">考点:</span><span style=" Calibri; mso-font-kerning:; "> </span><span style=" Calibri; mso-font-kerning:; ">近似数及其求法.</span><span style=" Calibri; mso-font-kerning:; "></span><br><br><span style=" Calibri; mso-font-kerning:; ">分析:</span><span style=" Calibri; mso-font-kerning:; "> </span><span style=" Calibri; mso-font-kerning:; ">要考虑0.5是一个两位数的近似数,有两种情况:“四舍”得到的0.5最大是0.54,“五入”得到的0.5最小是0.45,由此解答问题即可.</span><span style=" Calibri; mso-font-kerning:; "></span><br><br><span style=" Calibri; mso-font-kerning:; ">解答:</span><span style=" Calibri; mso-font-kerning:; "> </span><span style=" Calibri; mso-font-kerning:; ">解:用“四舍五入”法取近似值,约等于0.5的两位小数中最大的是0.54;</span><span style=" Calibri; mso-font-kerning:; "></span><br><br><span style=" Calibri; mso-font-kerning:; ">答案为:×.</span></font><span style=" Calibri; mso-font-kerning:; "></span><br><br><span style=" Calibri; mso-font-kerning:; ">15.圆柱的体积是圆锥体积的3倍.</span><span style=" Calibri; text-decoration:underline; text-underline:single; mso-font-kerning:; "> 错误 </span><span style=" Calibri; mso-font-kerning:; ">.(判断对错)</span><br><br><font color="#ff0000"><span style=" Calibri; mso-font-kerning:; ">考点:</span><span style=" Calibri; mso-font-kerning:; "> </span><span style=" Calibri; mso-font-kerning:; ">圆柱的侧面积、表面积和体积;圆锥的体积.</span><span style=" Calibri; mso-font-kerning:; "></span><br><br><span style=" Calibri; mso-font-kerning:; ">分析:</span><span style=" Calibri; mso-font-kerning:; "> </span><span style=" Calibri; mso-font-kerning:; ">我们知道,一个圆柱的体积是与它等底等高的圆锥体积的3倍,原题没有注明“等底等高”或其它的条件,只说“圆柱的体积是圆锥体积的3倍”是错误的.</span><span style=" Calibri; mso-font-kerning:; "></span><br><br><span style=" Calibri; mso-font-kerning:; ">解答:</span><span style=" Calibri; mso-font-kerning:; "> </span><span style=" Calibri; mso-font-kerning:; ">解:由于圆柱、圆锥的体积公式中都有底面积和高两个未知的量,</span><span style=" Calibri; mso-font-kerning:; "></span><br><br><span style=" Calibri; mso-font-kerning:; ">原题没有对这两个量加以“等底等高”或其它条件的限制,</span><span style=" Calibri; mso-font-kerning:; "></span><br><br><span style=" Calibri; mso-font-kerning:; ">所以不能说“圆柱的体积是圆锥体积的3倍”;</span><span style=" Calibri; mso-font-kerning:; "></span><br><br><span style=" Calibri; mso-font-kerning:; ">答案为:错误.</span></font><span style=" Calibri; mso-font-kerning:; "></span><br><br><span style=" Calibri; mso-font-kerning:; ">16.所有偶数的最大公因数是2.</span><span style=" Calibri; text-decoration:underline; text-underline:single; mso-font-kerning:; "> × </span><span style=" Calibri; mso-font-kerning:; ">.(判断对错)</span><br><br><font color="#ff0000"><span style=" Calibri; mso-font-kerning:; ">考点:</span><span style=" Calibri; mso-font-kerning:; "> </span><span style=" Calibri; mso-font-kerning:; ">求几个数的最大公因数的方法;奇数与偶数的初步认识.</span><span style=" Calibri; mso-font-kerning:; ">菁优网版权所有</span><span style=" Calibri; mso-font-kerning:; "></span><br><br><span style=" Calibri; mso-font-kerning:; ">分析:</span><span style=" Calibri; mso-font-kerning:; "> </span><span style=" Calibri; mso-font-kerning:; ">根据偶数的意义,在自然数中,是2的倍数的数叫做偶数.再根据公因数、最大公因数的意义,几个数公有的因数叫做这几个数的公因数,其中最大的一个是它们最大公因数.据此判断即可.</span><span style=" Calibri; mso-font-kerning:; "></span><br><br><span style=" Calibri; mso-font-kerning:; ">解答:</span><span style=" Calibri; mso-font-kerning:; "> </span><span style=" Calibri; mso-font-kerning:; ">解:因为2是偶数,而2的因数中最大的是2,</span><span style=" Calibri; mso-font-kerning:; "></span><br><br><span style=" Calibri; mso-font-kerning:; ">所以所有偶数(0除外)的最大公因数是2.所有偶数的最大公因数是2的说法错误,应该是0除外的偶数.</span><span style=" Calibri; mso-font-kerning:; "></span><br><br><span style=" Calibri; mso-font-kerning:; ">答案为:×.</span></font><br><br><span style=" Calibri; mso-font-kerning:; ">17.方程一定是等式,但等式不一定是方程.</span><span style=" Calibri; text-decoration:underline; text-underline:single; mso-font-kerning:; "> 正确 </span><span style=" Calibri; mso-font-kerning:; ">.(判断对错)</span><span style=" Calibri; mso-font-kerning:; "></span><br><br><font color="#ff0000"><span style=" Calibri; mso-font-kerning:; ">考点:</span><span style=" Calibri; mso-font-kerning:; "> </span><span style=" Calibri; mso-font-kerning:; ">方程与等式的关系.</span><span style=" Calibri; mso-font-kerning:; "></span><br><br><span style=" Calibri; mso-font-kerning:; ">分析:</span><span style=" Calibri; mso-font-kerning:; "> </span><span style=" Calibri; mso-font-kerning:; ">紧扣方程的定义,由此可以解决问题.</span><span style=" Calibri; mso-font-kerning:; "></span><br><br><span style=" Calibri; mso-font-kerning:; ">解答:</span><span style=" Calibri; mso-font-kerning:; "> </span><span style=" Calibri; mso-font-kerning:; ">解:根据方程的定义可以知道,方程是含有未知数的等式,但是等式不一定都含有未知数,所以这个说法是正确的.</span><span style=" Calibri; mso-font-kerning:; "></span><br><br><span style=" Calibri; mso-font-kerning:; ">答案为:正确.</span></font><br><br><span style=" Calibri; mso-font-kerning:; ">18.再一次植树活动中,成活了100课,10课没成活,所以成活率为90%.</span><span style=" Calibri; text-decoration:underline; text-underline:single; mso-font-kerning:; "> × </span><span style=" Calibri; mso-font-kerning:; ">.(判断对错)</span><span style=" Calibri; mso-font-kerning:; "></span><br><br><font color="#ff0000"><span style=" Calibri; mso-font-kerning:; ">考点:</span><span style=" Calibri; mso-font-kerning:; "> </span><span style=" Calibri; mso-font-kerning:; ">百分率应用题.</span><span style=" Calibri; mso-font-kerning:; "></span><br><br><span style=" Calibri; mso-font-kerning:; ">分析:</span><span style=" Calibri; mso-font-kerning:; "> </span><span style=" Calibri; mso-font-kerning:; ">首先理解成活率,成活率是指成活了的棵数占总棵数的百分之几,进而用:</span></font><img src="//www.szxuexiao.com/uploadimages/2015/0306/201536195132.png?m=0.05041195172816515" style="color: rgb(255, 0, 0);"><span style="color: rgb(255, 0, 0);">×100%=成活率,由此列式解答后再判断.</span></div><div><font color="#ff0000"><br><span style=" Calibri; mso-font-kerning:; ">解答:</span><span style=" Calibri; mso-font-kerning:; "> </span><span style=" Calibri; mso-font-kerning:; ">解:植树总棵数:100+10=110(棵),</span><span style=" Calibri; mso-font-kerning:; "></span><br><br><span style=" Calibri; mso-font-kerning:; ">成活率:100/110</span><span style=" Calibri; mso-font-kerning:; ">×100%≈90.9%;</span><span style=" Calibri; mso-font-kerning:; "></span><br><br><span style=" Calibri; mso-font-kerning:; ">答案为:×.</span></font><span style=" Calibri; mso-font-kerning:; "></span><br><br><span style=" Calibri; mso-font-kerning:; ">19.小于90度的角是锐角.</span><span style=" Calibri; text-decoration:underline; text-underline:single; mso-font-kerning:; "> 错误 </span><span style=" Calibri; mso-font-kerning:; ">.(判断对错)</span><span style=" Calibri; mso-font-kerning:; "></span><br><br><font color="#ff0000"><span style=" Calibri; mso-font-kerning:; ">考点:</span><span style=" Calibri; mso-font-kerning:; "> </span><span style=" Calibri; mso-font-kerning:; ">角的概念及其分类.</span><span style=" Calibri; mso-font-kerning:; "></span><br><br><span style=" Calibri; mso-font-kerning:; ">分析:</span><span style=" Calibri; mso-font-kerning:; "> </span><span style=" Calibri; mso-font-kerning:; ">根据锐角的含义:大于0°小于90°的角叫做锐角;进行判断即可.</span><span style=" Calibri; mso-font-kerning:; "></span><br><br><span style=" Calibri; mso-font-kerning:; ">解答:</span><span style=" Calibri; mso-font-kerning:; "> </span><span style=" Calibri; mso-font-kerning:; ">解:根据锐角的定义:小于90°大于0°的角;</span><span style=" Calibri; mso-font-kerning:; "></span><br><br><span style=" Calibri; mso-font-kerning:; ">而数学中存在0°的角,所以不对;</span><span style=" Calibri; mso-font-kerning:; "></span><br><br><span style=" Calibri; mso-font-kerning:; ">答案为:错误.</span></font><span style=" Calibri; mso-font-kerning:; "></span><br><br><span style=" Calibri; mso-font-kerning:; ">20.甲、乙两数是正整数,如果甲数的5/6</span><span style=" Calibri; mso-font-kerning:; ">恰好是乙数的1/4</span><span style=" Calibri; mso-font-kerning:; ">,则甲、乙两数和的最小值是13.</span><span style=" Calibri; text-decoration:underline; text-underline:single; mso-font-kerning:; "> √ </span><span style=" Calibri; mso-font-kerning:; ">.(判断对错)</span><span style=" Calibri; mso-font-kerning:; "></span><br><br><font color="#ff0000"><span style=" Calibri; mso-font-kerning:; ">考点:</span><span style=" Calibri; mso-font-kerning:; "> </span><span style=" Calibri; mso-font-kerning:; ">最大与最小.</span><span style=" Calibri; mso-font-kerning:; "></span><br><br><span style=" Calibri; mso-font-kerning:; ">分析:</span><span style=" Calibri; mso-font-kerning:; "> </span><span style=" Calibri; mso-font-kerning:; ">把乙数看做单位“1”,则甲数是1/4</span><span style=" Calibri; mso-font-kerning:; ">÷5/6</span><span style=" Calibri; mso-font-kerning:; ">=3/10</span><span style=" Calibri; mso-font-kerning:; ">,所以甲乙两个数的和是1+3/10</span><span style=" Calibri; mso-font-kerning:; ">=13/10</span><span style=" Calibri; mso-font-kerning:; ">,因为甲、乙两数是自然数,要使甲乙两数之和也是自然数,让它最小,乙只能是10,从而甲数是3,和为13.</span><span style=" Calibri; mso-font-kerning:; "></span><br><br><span style=" Calibri; mso-font-kerning:; ">解答:</span><span style=" Calibri; mso-font-kerning:; "> </span><span style=" Calibri; mso-font-kerning:; ">解:把乙数看做单位“1”,则甲数是1/4</span><span style=" Calibri; mso-font-kerning:; ">÷5/6</span><span style=" Calibri; mso-font-kerning:; ">=3/10</span><span style=" Calibri; mso-font-kerning:; ">,所以甲乙两个数的和是1+3/10</span><span style=" Calibri; mso-font-kerning:; ">=13/10</span><span style=" Calibri; mso-font-kerning:; ">,因为甲、乙两数是自然数,要使甲乙两数之和也是自然数,让它最小,乙只能是10,从而甲数是3,和为13.</span><span style=" Calibri; mso-font-kerning:; "></span><br><br><span style=" Calibri; mso-font-kerning:; ">答:甲、乙两数和的最小值是13.</span><span style=" Calibri; mso-font-kerning:; "></span><br><br><span style=" Calibri; mso-font-kerning:; ">答案为:√.</span></font><span style=" Calibri; mso-font-kerning:; "></span><br><br><span style=" Calibri; font-weight:bold; mso-font-kerning:; ">三、填空题(</span><span style=" Calibri; font-weight:bold; mso-font-kerning:; ">每小题3分,</span><span style=" Calibri; font-weight:bold; mso-font-kerning:; ">满分15分).在答题卡对应题号横线上填写最简结果.</span><span style=" Calibri; mso-font-kerning:; "></span><br><br><span style=" Calibri; mso-font-kerning:; ">21.直接写得数</span><br><br><span style=" Calibri; mso-font-kerning:; ">(1)0</span><span style=" Calibri; mso-font-kerning:; ">.125×32=</span><span style=" Calibri; text-decoration:underline; text-underline:single; mso-font-kerning:; "> 4 </span><span style=" Calibri; mso-font-kerning:; "></span><br><br><span style=" Calibri; mso-font-kerning:; ">(2)5/9</span><span style=" Calibri; mso-font-kerning:; ">×9÷5/9</span><span style=" Calibri; mso-font-kerning:; ">×9=</span><span style=" Calibri; text-decoration:underline; text-underline:single; mso-font-kerning:; "> 81 </span><span style=" Calibri; mso-font-kerning:; "></span><br><br><span style=" Calibri; mso-font-kerning:; ">(3)</span><img src="//www.szxuexiao.com/uploadimages/2015/0306/20153619579.png?m=0.4344926974736154"><br><br><font color="#ff0000"><span style=" Calibri; mso-font-kerning:; ">考点:</span><span style=" Calibri; mso-font-kerning:; ">小数乘法;分数的四则混合运算.</span><span style=" Calibri; mso-font-kerning:; "></span><br><br><span style=" Calibri; mso-font-kerning:; ">分析:</span><span style=" Calibri; mso-font-kerning:; ">(1)0.125×32把32分成8×4,然后运用乘法的</span><span style=" Calibri; mso-font-kerning:; ">结合律进行计算即可.</span><span style=" Calibri; mso-font-kerning:; "></span><br><br><span style=" Calibri; mso-font-kerning:; ">(2)5/9</span><span style=" Calibri; mso-font-kerning:; ">×9÷5/9</span><span style=" Calibri; mso-font-kerning:; ">×9运用乘法的交换律及结合律进行解答即可.</span><span style=" Calibri; mso-font-kerning:; "></span><br><br><span style=" Calibri; mso-font-kerning:; ">(3)13.76﹣(7/12</span><span style=" Calibri; mso-font-kerning:; ">+1.76+<img src="//www.szxuexiao.com/uploadimages/2015/0306/201536195842.png?m=0.6154660116881132"></span><span style=" Calibri; mso-font-kerning:; ">)先计算括号内部的再计算括号外面的.</span><span style=" Calibri; mso-font-kerning:; "></span><br><br><span style=" Calibri; mso-font-kerning:; ">解答:</span><span style=" Calibri; mso-font-kerning:; "> </span><span style=" Calibri; mso-font-kerning:; ">解:(1)0.125×32</span><span style=" Calibri; mso-font-kerning:; "></span><br><br><span style=" Calibri; mso-font-kerning:; ">=0.125×8×4</span><span style=" Calibri; mso-font-kerning:; "></span><br><br><span style=" Calibri; mso-font-kerning:; ">=</span><span style=" Calibri; mso-font-kerning:; ">4</span><span style=" Calibri; mso-font-kerning:; "></span><br><br>(2)5/9</font><span style="color: rgb(255, 0, 0);">×9</span><font color="#ff0000">÷</font><font color="#ff0000">5/9</font><span style="color: rgb(255, 0, 0);">×9</span></div><div><font color="#ff0000"><br></font></div><div><font color="#ff0000">=</font><font color="#ff0000">5/9</font><font color="#ff0000">÷</font><font color="#ff0000">5/9</font><span style="color: rgb(255, 0, 0);">×9</span><span style="color: rgb(255, 0, 0);">×9</span></div><div><span style="color: rgb(255, 0, 0);"><br></span></div><div><span style="color: rgb(255, 0, 0);">=1</span><span style="color: rgb(255, 0, 0);">×</span><span style="color: rgb(255, 0, 0);">9</span><span style="color: rgb(255, 0, 0);">×9</span></div><div><span style="color: rgb(255, 0, 0);"><br></span></div><div><span style="color: rgb(255, 0, 0);">=81</span></div><div><font color="#ff0000"><br><span style=" Calibri; mso-font-kerning:; ">(3)13.76﹣(7/12</span><span style=" Calibri; mso-font-kerning:; ">+1.76+</span></font><img src="//www.szxuexiao.com/uploadimages/2015/0306/201536195842.png?m=0.6154660116881132" style="color: rgb(255, 0, 0);"><font color="#ff0000"><span style=" Calibri; mso-font-kerning:; ">)</span><span style=" Calibri; mso-font-kerning:; "></span><br><br><span style=" Calibri; mso-font-kerning:; ">=13.76﹣3.76</span><span style=" Calibri; mso-font-kerning:; "></span><br><br><span style=" Calibri; mso-font-kerning:; ">=10</span><span style=" Calibri; mso-font-kerning:; "></span><br><br><span style=" Calibri; mso-font-kerning:; ">答案为:4,81,10.</span></font><br><br><span style=" Calibri; mso-font-kerning:; ">22.比较大小:63/125</span><span style=" Calibri; text-decoration:underline; text-underline:single; mso-font-kerning:; "> > </span><span style=" Calibri; mso-font-kerning:; ">23/50</span>.<br><br><font color="#ff0000"><span style=" Calibri; mso-font-kerning:; ">考点:</span><span style=" Calibri; mso-font-kerning:; ">分数大小的比较.</span><span style=" Calibri; mso-font-kerning:; "></span><br><br><span style=" Calibri; mso-font-kerning:; ">分析:</span><span style=" Calibri; mso-font-kerning:; "> </span><span style=" Calibri; mso-font-kerning:; ">同分母分数大小比较:分子大的分数就大;同分子分数大小比较:分子相同,分母大的分数就小;分母不同的先通分再比较.据此解答即可.</span><span style=" Calibri; mso-font-kerning:; "></span><br><br><span style=" Calibri; mso-font-kerning:; ">解答:</span><span style=" Calibri; mso-font-kerning:; "> </span><span style=" Calibri; mso-font-kerning:; ">解:</span>63/125=126/250,</font></div><div><font color="#ff0000"><br><span style=" Calibri; mso-font-kerning:; ">23/50=115/250</span><span style=" Calibri; mso-font-kerning:; ">,</span><span style=" Calibri; mso-font-kerning:; "></span><br><br><span style=" Calibri; mso-font-kerning:; ">126/250>115/250</span><span style=" Calibri; mso-font-kerning:; ">,</span><span style=" Calibri; mso-font-kerning:; "></span><br><br><span style=" Calibri; mso-font-kerning:; ">即63/125</span><span style=" Calibri; mso-font-kerning:; ">>23/50</span><span style=" Calibri; mso-font-kerning:; ">.</span><span style=" Calibri; mso-font-kerning:; "></span><br><br><span style=" Calibri; mso-font-kerning:; ">答案为:>.</span></font><span style=" Calibri; mso-font-kerning:; "></span><br><br><span style=" Calibri; mso-font-kerning:; ">23.尽可能化简<img src="//www.szxuexiao.com/uploadimages/2015/0306/20153620712.png?m=0.20211685169488192"></span><span style=" Calibri; mso-font-kerning:; ">.</span><span style=" Calibri; mso-font-kerning:; "></span><br><br><font color="#ff0000"><span style=" Calibri; mso-font-kerning:; ">考点:</span><span style=" Calibri; mso-font-kerning:; "> </span><span style=" Calibri; mso-font-kerning:; ">分数的巧算.</span><br><br><span style=" Calibri; mso-font-kerning:; ">分析:</span><span style=" Calibri; mso-font-kerning:; "> </span><span style=" Calibri; mso-font-kerning:; ">本题可以通过分析分子与分母的特点找出它为们的最大公约数然后再进行化简.分子数字之和等于30,故它可以被3整除,分母奇位上数字之和与偶位上数字之和的差为32﹣21=11,所以它可以被11整除,把这此因数提出,得:<img src="//www.szxuexiao.com/uploadimages/2015/0306/20153620738.png?m=0.8601343377958983"></span><span style=" Calibri; mso-font-kerning:; ">.</span><span style=" Calibri; mso-font-kerning:; "></span><br><br><span style=" Calibri; mso-font-kerning:; ">解答:</span><span style=" Calibri; mso-font-kerning:; "> </span><span style=" Calibri; mso-font-kerning:; ">解:</span><span style=" Calibri; mso-font-kerning:; "></span><img src="//www.szxuexiao.com/uploadimages/2015/0306/2015362090.png?m=0.6043896144255996"><span style=" Calibri; mso-font-kerning:; "></span><span style=" Calibri; mso-font-kerning:; "></span><br><br><span style=" Calibri; mso-font-kerning:; ">答案为:3/11</span><span style=" Calibri; mso-font-kerning:; ">.</span></font><br><br><span style=" Calibri; mso-font-kerning:; ">24.<img src="//www.szxuexiao.com/uploadimages/2015/0306/20153620948.png?m=0.21148842200636864"></span><span style=" Calibri; mso-font-kerning:; ">=</span><span style=" Calibri; text-decoration:underline; text-underline:single; mso-font-kerning:; "> 1 </span><span style=" Calibri; mso-font-kerning:; ">.</span><span style=" Calibri; mso-font-kerning:; "></span><br><br><font color="#ff0000"><span style=" Calibri; mso-font-kerning:; ">考点:</span><span style=" Calibri; mso-font-kerning:; "> </span><span style=" Calibri; mso-font-kerning:; ">繁分数的化简.</span><span style=" Calibri; mso-font-kerning:; "></span><br><br><span style=" Calibri; mso-font-kerning:; ">分析:</span><span style=" Calibri; mso-font-kerning:; "> </span><span style=" Calibri; mso-font-kerning:; ">观察算式发现,分子中没有2012,所以先把分母的2012分解成(2013﹣1),然后用乘法分配律,把分母进行化简,最后找出分子和分母的公因数,从而解决问题.</span><span style=" Calibri; mso-font-kerning:; "></span><br><br><img src="//www.szxuexiao.com/uploadimages/2015/0306/201536201148.png?m=0.6563079655170441"><br><br><span style=" Calibri; mso-font-kerning:; ">=1.</span><span style=" Calibri; mso-font-kerning:; "></span><br><br><span style=" Calibri; mso-font-kerning:; ">答案为:1.</span></font><span style=" Calibri; mso-font-kerning:; "></span><br><br><span style=" Calibri; mso-font-kerning:; ">25.在一个停车场,共有24辆车,其中汽车是4个轮子,摩托车是3个轮子,这些车共有86个轮子,那么三轮摩托车有</span><span style=" Calibri; text-decoration:underline; text-underline:single; mso-font-kerning:; "> 10 </span><span style=" Calibri; mso-font-kerning:; ">辆.</span><br><br><font color="#ff0000"><span style=" Calibri; mso-font-kerning:; ">考点:</span><span style=" Calibri; mso-font-kerning:; "> </span><span style=" Calibri; mso-font-kerning:; ">鸡兔同笼.</span><span style=" Calibri; mso-font-kerning:; "></span><br><br><span style=" Calibri; mso-font-kerning:; ">分析:</span><span style=" Calibri; mso-font-kerning:; "> </span><span style=" Calibri; mso-font-kerning:; ">假设24辆全是4个轮子的汽车,则一共有轮子24×4=96个,这比已知的86个轮子多出了96﹣86=10个,因为1辆汽车比1辆三轮车多4﹣3=1个轮子,据此可得三轮车有10辆,据此即可解答.</span><span style=" Calibri; mso-font-kerning:; "></span><br><br><span style=" Calibri; mso-font-kerning:; ">解答:</span><span style=" Calibri; mso-font-kerning:; "> </span><span style=" Calibri; mso-font-kerning:; ">解:假设24辆全是4个轮子的汽车,则三轮车有:</span><span style=" Calibri; mso-font-kerning:; "></span><br><br><span style=" Calibri; mso-font-kerning:; ">(24×4﹣86)÷(4﹣3),</span><span style=" Calibri; mso-font-kerning:; "></span><br><br><span style=" Calibri; mso-font-kerning:; ">=10÷1,</span><span style=" Calibri; mso-font-kerning:; "></span><br><br><span style=" Calibri; mso-font-kerning:; ">=10(辆),</span><span style=" Calibri; mso-font-kerning:; "></span><br><br><span style=" Calibri; mso-font-kerning:; ">答:三轮车有10辆.</span><span style=" Calibri; mso-font-kerning:; "></span><br><br><span style=" Calibri; mso-font-kerning:; ">答案为:10.</span></font><span style=" Calibri; mso-font-kerning:; "></span><br><br><span style=" Calibri; font-weight:bold; mso-font-kerning:; ">四、解答题(</span><span style=" Calibri; font-weight:bold; mso-font-kerning:; ">每小题10分,</span><span style=" Calibri; font-weight:bold; mso-font-kerning:; ">满分60分)</span><span style=" Calibri; mso-font-kerning:; "></span><br><br><span style=" Calibri; mso-font-kerning:; ">26.定义一种新运算“△”满足:8△3=8+9+10=27,7△4=7+8+9+10=34,6△5=6+7+8+9+10=40,求1△10.</span><span style=" Calibri; mso-font-kerning:; "></span><br><br><font color="#ff0000"><span style=" Calibri; mso-font-kerning:; ">考点:</span><span style=" Calibri; mso-font-kerning:; "> </span><span style=" Calibri; mso-font-kerning:; ">定义新运算.</span><span style=" Calibri; mso-font-kerning:; "></span><br><br><span style=" Calibri; mso-font-kerning:; ">分析:</span><span style=" Calibri; mso-font-kerning:; "> </span><span style=" Calibri; mso-font-kerning:; ">根据题意可知,这种新的运算是从前面</span><span style=" Calibri; mso-font-kerning:; ">的数开始进行连续的自然数相加,后面的数是连续相加的个数,然后再进一步计算即可.</span><span style=" Calibri; mso-font-kerning:; "></span><br><br><span style=" Calibri; mso-font-kerning:; ">解答:</span><span style=" Calibri; mso-font-kerning:; "> </span><span style=" Calibri; mso-font-kerning:; ">解:根据题意可得:</span><span style=" Calibri; mso-font-kerning:; "></span><br><br><span style=" Calibri; mso-font-kerning:; ">1△10=1+2+3+4+5+6+7+8+9+10</span><span style=" Calibri; mso-font-kerning:; "></span><br><br><span style=" Calibri; mso-font-kerning:; ">=55</span><span style=" Calibri; mso-font-kerning:; "></span><br><br><span style=" Calibri; mso-font-kerning:; ">答:1△10是55.</span></font><span style=" Calibri; mso-font-kerning:; "></span><br><br><span style=" Calibri; mso-font-kerning:; ">27.一部书稿,甲单独打字需60天完成,乙单独打字需50天完成,已知甲每周日休息,乙每周六、周日休息.如果两人合作,从2014年4月21日(周一)开始打字,那么几月几日可以完成这部书稿?</span><span style=" Calibri; mso-font-kerning:; "></span><br><br><font color="#ff0000"><span style=" Calibri; mso-font-kerning:; ">考点:</span><span style=" Calibri; mso-font-kerning:; "> </span><span style=" Calibri; mso-font-kerning:; ">工程问题.</span><span style=" Calibri; mso-font-kerning:; "></span><br><br><span style=" Calibri; mso-font-kerning:; ">分析:</span><span style=" Calibri; mso-font-kerning:; "> </span><span style=" Calibri; mso-font-kerning:; ">把书稿的字数看作单位“1”,乙每周六、周日休息,那么两人合作时,一星期就合作5天,先求出两人合作5天完成书稿字数占总字数的分率,再求出甲1天完成书稿字数占总字数的分率,进而求出两人一周完成工作量,然后依据工作时间=工作总量÷工作效率,求出完成任务需要的时间,最后用现在的日期加需要的时间(注意需要减去开始的一天以及最后一天)即可解答.</span><span style=" Calibri; mso-font-kerning:; "></span><br><br><span style=" Calibri; mso-font-kerning:; ">解答:</span><span style=" Calibri; mso-font-kerning:; "> </span><span style=" Calibri; mso-font-kerning:; ">解:(1/60</span>+1/50)×5+1/60</font></div><div><font color="#ff0000"><br><span style=" Calibri; mso-font-kerning:; ">=11/300</span><span style=" Calibri; mso-font-kerning:; ">×5+1/60</span><span style=" Calibri; mso-font-kerning:; "></span><br><br><span style=" Calibri; mso-font-kerning:; ">=11/60</span><span style=" Calibri; mso-font-kerning:; ">+1/60</span><span style=" Calibri; mso-font-kerning:; "></span><br><br><span style=" Calibri; mso-font-kerning:; ">=1/5</span><span style=" Calibri; mso-font-kerning:; "></span><br><br><span style=" Calibri; mso-font-kerning:; ">1</span>÷1/5×7﹣1﹣1</font></div><div><font color="#ff0000"><br><span style=" Calibri; mso-font-kerning:; ">=5×7﹣1﹣1</span><span style=" Calibri; mso-font-kerning:; "></span><br><br><span style=" Calibri; mso-font-kerning:; ">=35﹣1﹣1</span><span style=" Calibri; mso-font-kerning:; "></span><br><br><span style=" Calibri; mso-font-kerning:; ">=34﹣1</span><span style=" Calibri; mso-font-kerning:; "></span><br><br><span style=" Calibri; mso-font-kerning:; ">=33(天)</span><span style=" Calibri; mso-font-kerning:; "></span><br><br><span style=" Calibri; mso-font-kerning:; ">2014年4月21日+33天=2014年5月24日</span><span style=" Calibri; mso-font-kerning:; "></span><br><br><span style=" Calibri; mso-font-kerning:; ">答:5月26日可以完成这部书稿.</span></font><span style=" Calibri; mso-font-kerning:; "></span><br><br><span style=" Calibri; mso-font-kerning:; ">28.如图,ABCD是直角梯形,ACFE是长方形,已知BC﹣AD=4cm,CD=6cm,梯形面积是60cm</span><span style=" Calibri; mso-font-kerning:; vertical-align:super; ">2</span><span style=" Calibri; mso-font-kerning:; ">,求阴影部分的面积.</span><span style=" Calibri; mso-font-kerning:; "></span><br><br><img src="//www.szxuexiao.com/uploadimages/2015/0306/201536201537.png?m=0.3690167269669473"><br><br><font color="#ff0000"><span style=" Calibri; mso-font-kerning:; ">考点:</span><span style=" Calibri; mso-font-kerning:; "> </span><span style=" Calibri; mso-font-kerning:; ">组合图形的面积.</span><span style=" Calibri; mso-font-kerning:; "></span><br><br><span style=" Calibri; mso-font-kerning:; ">分析:</span><span style=" Calibri; mso-font-kerning:; "> </span><span style=" Calibri; mso-font-kerning:; ">首先根据梯形的面积是60cm</span><span style=" Calibri; mso-font-kerning:; vertical-align:super; ">2</span><span style=" Calibri; mso-font-kerning:; ">,高是6cm,求出梯形的上底和下底的和,进而求出梯形的上底和下底分别是多少;然后判断出阴影部分的面积等于三角形ACD的面积,求出三角形ACD的面积,即可求出阴影部分的面积是多少.</span><span style=" Calibri; mso-font-kerning:; "></span><br><br><span style=" Calibri; mso-font-kerning:; ">解答:</span><span style=" Calibri; mso-font-kerning:; "> </span><span style=" Calibri; mso-font-kerning:; ">解:BC+AD=(60×2)÷6=20(cm)…①,</span><span style=" Calibri; mso-font-kerning:; "></span><br><br><span style=" Calibri; mso-font-kerning:; ">BC﹣AD=4cm…②,</span><span style=" Calibri; mso-font-kerning:; "></span><br><br><span style=" Calibri; mso-font-kerning:; ">由①②,可得</span><span style=" Calibri; mso-font-kerning:; "></span><br><br><span style=" Calibri; mso-font-kerning:; ">BC=12(cm),AD=8cm;</span><span style=" Calibri; mso-font-kerning:; "></span><br><br><span style=" Calibri; mso-font-kerning:; ">因为三角形ACD的面积等于AC的乘以CF,再除以2,</span><span style=" Calibri; mso-font-kerning:; "></span><br><br><span style=" Calibri; mso-font-kerning:; ">所以三角形ACD的面积等于长方形ACFE的面积的一半,</span><span style=" Calibri; mso-font-kerning:; "></span><br><br><span style=" Calibri; mso-font-kerning:; ">因此阴影部分的面积等于三角形ACD的面积,</span><span style=" Calibri; mso-font-kerning:; "></span><br><br><span style=" Calibri; mso-font-kerning:; ">则阴影部分的面积=AD×CD÷2=8×6÷2=24(cm</span><span style=" Calibri; mso-font-kerning:; vertical-align:super; ">2</span><span style=" Calibri; mso-font-kerning:; ">).</span><span style=" Calibri; mso-font-kerning:; "></span><br><br><span style=" Calibri; mso-font-kerning:; ">答:阴影部分的面积是24cm</span><span style=" Calibri; mso-font-kerning:; vertical-align:super; ">2</span><span style=" Calibri; mso-font-kerning:; ">.</span></font><span style=" Calibri; mso-font-kerning:; "></span><br><br><span style=" Calibri; mso-font-kerning:; ">29.成都青年旅行社“五一”推出甲、乙两种优惠方案:</span><span style=" Calibri; mso-font-kerning:; "></span><br><br><span style=" Calibri; mso-font-kerning:; ">甲:成都一日游,大人每位全票80元,小朋友四折</span><br><br><span style=" Calibri; mso-font-kerning:; ">乙:成都一日游,团体5人以上(含5人)每位六折</span><span style=" Calibri; mso-font-kerning:; "></span><br><br><span style=" Calibri; mso-font-kerning:; ">(1)李老师带5名小朋友游览,选哪种方案省钱?</span><span style=" Calibri; mso-font-kerning:; "></span><br><br><span style=" Calibri; mso-font-kerning:; ">(2)李老师和王老师带4名小朋友游览,选哪种方案省钱?</span><span style=" Calibri; mso-font-kerning:; "></span><br><br><span style=" Calibri; mso-font-kerning:; ">(3)张三、王五两位小朋友及各自的父母6人游览,选哪种方案省钱?</span><span style=" Calibri; mso-font-kerning:; "></span><br><br><font color="#ff0000"><span style=" Calibri; mso-font-kerning:; ">考点:</span><span style=" Calibri; mso-font-kerning:; "> </span><span style=" Calibri; mso-font-kerning:; ">最优化问题.</span><span style=" Calibri; mso-font-kerning:; "></span><br><br><span style=" Calibri; mso-font-kerning:; ">分析:</span><span style=" Calibri; mso-font-kerning:; "> </span><span style=" Calibri; mso-font-kerning:; ">甲方案票价:大人每位全票80元,小朋友四折为80×0.4=32(元);</span><span style=" Calibri; mso-font-kerning:; "></span><br><br><span style=" Calibri; mso-font-kerning:; ">乙方案社票价:团体5人以上(含5人)每位六折80×0.6=48(元);</span><span style=" Calibri; mso-font-kerning:; "></span><br><br><span style=" Calibri; mso-font-kerning:; ">根据人数按照两方案的优惠方案分别进行计算即能得出哪方案花费最少,据此解答即可.</span><span style=" Calibri; mso-font-kerning:; "></span><br><br><span style=" Calibri; mso-font-kerning:; ">解答:</span><span style=" Calibri; mso-font-kerning:; "> </span><span style=" Calibri; mso-font-kerning:; ">解:甲方案票价:大人每位全票80元,小朋友四折为80×0.4=32(元)</span><span style=" Calibri; mso-font-kerning:; "></span><br><br><span style=" Calibri; mso-font-kerning:; ">乙方案票价:团体5人以上(含5人)每位六折80×0.6=48(元)</span><span style=" Calibri; mso-font-kerning:; "></span><br><br><span style=" Calibri; mso-font-kerning:; ">(1)李老师带5名小朋友游览</span><span style=" Calibri; mso-font-kerning:; "></span><br><br><span style=" Calibri; mso-font-kerning:; ">甲方案:1×80+80×0.4×5=240(元)</span><span style=" Calibri; mso-font-kerning:; "></span><br><br><span style=" Calibri; mso-font-kerning:; ">乙方案:(1+5)×(80×0.6)=288(元)</span><span style=" Calibri; mso-font-kerning:; "></span><br><br><span style=" Calibri; mso-font-kerning:; ">240<288</span><span style=" Calibri; mso-font-kerning:; "></span><br><br><span style=" Calibri; mso-font-kerning:; ">答:李老师带5名小朋友游览,选甲方案省钱.</span><span style=" Calibri; mso-font-kerning:; "></span><br><br><span style=" Calibri; mso-font-kerning:; ">(2)李老师和王老师带4名小朋友游览</span><span style=" Calibri; mso-font-kerning:; "></span><br><br><span style=" Calibri; mso-font-kerning:; ">甲方案:2×80+80×0.4×4=288(元)</span><span style=" Calibri; mso-font-kerning:; "></span><br><br><span style=" Calibri; mso-font-kerning:; ">乙方案:(2+4)×(80×0.6)=288(元)</span><span style=" Calibri; mso-font-kerning:; "></span><br><br><span style=" Calibri; mso-font-kerning:; ">288=288</span><span style=" Calibri; mso-font-kerning:; "></span><br><br><span style=" Calibri; mso-font-kerning:; ">答:李老师带5名小朋友游览,选甲乙方案都可以.</span><span style=" Calibri; mso-font-kerning:; "></span><br><br><span style=" Calibri; mso-font-kerning:; ">(3)张三、王五两位小朋友及各自的父母6人游览</span><span style=" Calibri; mso-font-kerning:; "></span><br><br><span style=" Calibri; mso-font-kerning:; ">甲方案:4×80+80×0.4×2=384(元)</span><span style=" Calibri; mso-font-kerning:; "></span><br><br><span style=" Calibri; mso-font-kerning:; ">乙方案:6×(80×0.6)=288(元)</span><span style=" Calibri; mso-font-kerning:; "></span><br><br><span style=" Calibri; mso-font-kerning:; ">384>288</span><span style=" Calibri; mso-font-kerning:; "></span><br><br><span style=" Calibri; mso-font-kerning:; ">答:张三、王五两位小朋友及各自的父母6人游览,选乙方案省钱.</span></font><br><br><span style=" Calibri; mso-font-kerning:; ">30.体育商店买100个足球和50个排球,共有5600元,如果将每个足球加价1/10</span><span style=" Calibri; mso-font-kerning:; ">和每个排球减价1/10</span><span style=" Calibri; mso-font-kerning:; ">,全部售出后共收入6040元,问买进时一个足球和排球是多少元?</span><span style=" Calibri; mso-font-kerning:; "></span><br><br><font color="#ff0000"><span style=" Calibri; mso-font-kerning:; ">考点:</span><span style=" Calibri; mso-font-kerning:; "> </span><span style=" Calibri; mso-font-kerning:; ">分数和百分数应用题(多重条件).</span><span style=" Calibri; mso-font-kerning:; "></span><br><br><span style=" Calibri; mso-font-kerning:; ">分析:</span><span style=" Calibri; mso-font-kerning:; "> </span><span style=" Calibri; mso-font-kerning:; ">设原来每个足球a元,每个排球b元,根据题干可得100a+50b=5600;100×(1+1/10</span><span style=" Calibri; mso-font-kerning:; ">)a+50×(1﹣</span>1/10)b=6040;利用等式的基本性质可将这两个等式分别变形得:2a+b=112①;22a+9b=1208②再解a、b即可.</font></div><div><font color="#ff0000"><br><span style=" Calibri; mso-font-kerning:; ">解答:</span><span style=" Calibri; mso-font-kerning:; "> </span><span style=" Calibri; mso-font-kerning:; ">解:设原来每个足球a元,每个排球b元,</span><span style=" Calibri; mso-font-kerning:; "></span><br><br><img src="//www.szxuexiao.com/uploadimages/2015/0306/201536201753.png?m=0.5250436917413026"><br><br><span style=" Calibri; mso-font-kerning:; ">化简得<img src="//www.szxuexiao.com/uploadimages/2015/0306/201536201824.png?m=0.12868846557103097"></span><span style=" Calibri; mso-font-kerning:; "></span><br><br><span style=" Calibri; mso-font-kerning:; ">①×9,得18a+9b=1008③</span><span style=" Calibri; mso-font-kerning:; "></span><br><br><span style=" Calibri; mso-font-kerning:; ">②﹣③,得4a=200</span><span style=" Calibri; mso-font-kerning:; "></span><br><br><span style=" Calibri; mso-font-kerning:; ">a=50,</span><span style=" Calibri; mso-font-kerning:; "></span><br><br><span style=" Calibri; mso-font-kerning:; ">把a=50代入①得b=12,</span><span style=" Calibri; mso-font-kerning:; "></span><br><br><span style=" Calibri; mso-font-kerning:; ">答:买进时一个足球50元,排球12元.</span></font><span style=" Calibri; mso-font-kerning:; "></span><br><br><span style=" Calibri; mso-font-kerning:; ">31.环绕小山一周的公路长1920米,甲、乙两人沿公路竞走,两人同时同地出发,反方向行走,甲比乙走得快,12分钟后两人相遇.如果两人每分钟多走16米,则相遇地点与前次相差20米.</span><span style=" Calibri; mso-font-kerning:; "></span><br><br><span style=" Calibri; mso-font-kerning:; ">(1)求甲乙两人原来的行走速度.</span><span style=" Calibri; mso-font-kerning:; "></span><br><br><span style=" Calibri; mso-font-kerning:; ">(2)如果甲、乙两人各以原速度同时同地出发,同向</span><span style=" Calibri; mso-font-kerning:; ">行走,则甲在何处第二次追上乙?</span><span style=" Calibri; mso-font-kerning:; "></span><br><br><font color="#ff0000"><span style=" Calibri; mso-font-kerning:; ">考点:</span><span style=" Calibri; mso-font-kerning:; "> </span><span style=" Calibri; mso-font-kerning:; ">环形跑道问题.</span><span style=" Calibri; mso-font-kerning:; "></span><br><br><span style=" Calibri; mso-font-kerning:; ">分析:</span><span style=" Calibri; mso-font-kerning:; "> </span><span style=" Calibri; mso-font-kerning:; ">(1)根据题干不难得出甲乙的速度之和是:1920÷12=160米;则提高速度后的速度之和就是160+16+16=192米/分,所以提高速度后甲乙二人相遇的时间是:1920÷192=10分钟;</span><span style=" Calibri; mso-font-kerning:; "></span><br><br><span style=" Calibri; mso-font-kerning:; ">因为甲的速度较快,提高速度之后,二人行走的时间变短,所以甲比原来少走了20米,由此设甲原来的速度是x米/分,则提高速度后,甲的速度是x+16米/分,由此根据,即可列出方程,求出x的值即可解答.</span><span style=" Calibri; mso-font-kerning:; "></span><br><br><span style=" Calibri; mso-font-kerning:; ">(2)甲第二次追上乙时,比乙多走了两周,用两周的路程除以速度差即可得走的时间,用甲的速度乘以时间再除以一周的路程,余数即是离出发点的距离.</span><span style=" Calibri; mso-font-kerning:; "></span><br><br><span style=" Calibri; mso-font-kerning:; ">解答:</span><span style=" Calibri; mso-font-kerning:; "> </span><span style=" Calibri; mso-font-kerning:; ">解:(1)甲乙原来的速度之和是:1920÷12=160(米),</span><span style=" Calibri; mso-font-kerning:; "></span><br><br><span style=" Calibri; mso-font-kerning:; ">提高速度之后的速度之和是:160+16+16=192(米),</span><span style=" Calibri; mso-font-kerning:; "></span><br><br><span style=" Calibri; mso-font-kerning:; ">所以提高速度之后二人相遇的时间是:1920÷192=10(分钟),</span><span style=" Calibri; mso-font-kerning:; "></span><br><br><span style=" Calibri; mso-font-kerning:; ">设甲原来的速度是x米/分,则提高速度后,甲的速度是(x+16)米/分,根据题意可得方程:</span><span style=" Calibri; mso-font-kerning:; "></span><br><br><span style=" Calibri; mso-font-kerning:; ">12x﹣10(x+16)=20,</span><span style=" Calibri; mso-font-kerning:; "></span><br><br><span style=" Calibri; mso-font-kerning:; ">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;12x﹣10x﹣160=20,</span><span style=" Calibri; mso-font-kerning:; "></span><br><br><span style=" Calibri; mso-font-kerning:; ">&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;2x=180,</span><span style=" Calibri; mso-font-kerning:; "></span><br><br><span style=" Calibri; mso-font-kerning:; ">&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; x=90,</span><span style=" Calibri; mso-font-kerning:; "></span><br><br><span style=" Calibri; mso-font-kerning:; ">则乙原来的速度是:160﹣90=70(米/分),</span><span style=" Calibri; mso-font-kerning:; "></span><br><br><span style=" Calibri; mso-font-kerning:; ">答:甲原来的速度是90米/分,乙原来的速度是70米/分;</span><span style=" Calibri; mso-font-kerning:; "></span><br><br><span style=" Calibri; mso-font-kerning:; ">(2)1920×2÷(90﹣70)</span><span style=" Calibri; mso-font-kerning:; "></span><br><br><span style=" Calibri; mso-font-kerning:; ">=1920×2÷20</span><span style=" Calibri; mso-font-kerning:; "></span><br><br><span style=" Calibri; mso-font-kerning:; ">=192(分),</span><span style=" Calibri; mso-font-kerning:; "></span><br><br><span style=" Calibri; mso-font-kerning:; ">192×90÷1920=</span><span style=" Calibri; mso-font-kerning:; ">9,说明正好在出发点.</span><span style=" Calibri; mso-font-kerning:; "></span><br><br><span style=" Calibri; mso-font-kerning:; ">答:甲在出发点第二次追上乙.</span></font><span style=" Calibri; mso-font-kerning:; "></span><br><br><span style=" Calibri; font-weight:bold; mso-font-kerning:; ">五、附加题(</span><span style=" Calibri; font-weight:bold; mso-font-kerning:; ">每小题5分,</span><span style=" Calibri; font-weight:bold; mso-font-kerning:; ">满分</span><span style=" Calibri; font-weight:bold; mso-font-kerning:; ">20</span><span style=" Calibri; font-weight:bold; mso-font-kerning:; ">分,不计入总分,录取时作参考)</span><span style=" Calibri; mso-font-kerning:; "></span><br><br><span style=" Calibri; mso-font-kerning:; ">32.我国领土的面积是(  )</span></div><div><br> <table width="100%" border="1"><tbody><tr><td><br> <br></td><td><br>A.<br></td><td><br>960万<br></td><td><br>B.<br></td><td><br>960万平方米<br></td><td><br>C.<br></td><td><br>960万平方千米<br></td></tr></tbody></table> <br><font color="#ff0000"><span style=" Calibri; mso-font-kerning:; ">考点:</span><span style=" Calibri; mso-font-kerning:; "> </span><span style=" Calibri; mso-font-kerning:; ">根据情景选择合适的计量单位.</span><span style=" Calibri; mso-font-kerning:; "></span><br><br><span style=" Calibri; mso-font-kerning:; ">分析:</span><span style=" Calibri; mso-font-kerning:; "> </span><span style=" Calibri; mso-font-kerning:; ">根据生活经验、对面积单位和数据大小的认识,可知我国领土的面积是960万平方千米.</span><span style=" Calibri; mso-font-kerning:; "></span><br><br><span style=" Calibri; mso-font-kerning:; ">解答:</span><span style=" Calibri; mso-font-kerning:; "> </span><span style=" Calibri; mso-font-kerning:; ">解:我国领土的面积是960万平方千米;</span><span style=" Calibri; mso-font-kerning:; "></span><br><br><span style=" Calibri; mso-font-kerning:; ">答案为:C.</span></font><span style=" Calibri; mso-font-kerning:; "></span><br><br><span style=" Calibri; mso-font-kerning:; ">33.洋洋爸爸带他去划船,游到水中央时,爸爸将放在船上的一堆石头扔入水中,水面会(  )</span></div><div><span style=" Calibri; mso-font-kerning:; "></span><br> <table width="100%" border="1"><tbody><tr><td><br> <br></td><td><br>A.<br></td><td><br>上升<br></td><td><br>B.<br></td><td><br>下降<br></td><td><br>C.<br></td><td><br>没变化<br></td></tr></tbody></table> <br><font color="#ff0000"><span style=" Calibri; mso-font-kerning:; ">考点:</span><span style=" Calibri; mso-font-kerning:; "> </span><span style=" Calibri; mso-font-kerning:; ">数学常识.</span><span style=" Calibri; mso-font-kerning:; "></span><br><br><span style=" Calibri; mso-font-kerning:; ">分析:</span><span style=" Calibri; mso-font-kerning:; "> </span><span style=" Calibri; mso-font-kerning:; ">载着石头的时候,船和石头的总重力等于浮力,G总=F浮,静止;当把石头扔到水总时,石头所受的重力将大于其浮力(所以石头向下运动,沉到水底),此时G总‘>F浮,又因为F浮=P液小GV排,所受浮力减小,故排开水体积减小(此处只能为V排引起,小G与P液均不改变),所以水面会下降,据此解答即可.</span><span style=" Calibri; mso-font-kerning:; "></span><br><br><span style=" Calibri; mso-font-kerning:; ">解答:</span><span style=" Calibri; mso-font-kerning:; "> </span><span style=" Calibri; mso-font-kerning:; ">解:载着石头的时候,船和石头的总重力等于浮力,G总=F浮,静止;</span><span style=" Calibri; mso-font-kerning:; "></span><br><br><span style=" Calibri; mso-font-kerning:; ">当把石头扔到水总时,石头所受的重力将大于其浮力(所以石头向下运动,沉到水底),</span><span style=" Calibri; mso-font-kerning:; "></span><br><br><span style=" Calibri; mso-font-kerning:; ">此时G总‘>F浮,又因为F浮=P液小GV排,所受浮力减小,</span><span style=" Calibri; mso-font-kerning:; "></span><br><br><span style=" Calibri; mso-font-kerning:; ">故排开水体积减小(此处只能为V排引起,小G与P液均不改变),</span><span style=" Calibri; mso-font-kerning:; "></span><br><br><span style=" Calibri; mso-font-kerning:; ">所以水面会下降.</span><span style=" Calibri; mso-font-kerning:; "></span><br><br><span style=" Calibri; mso-font-kerning:; ">故选:B.</span></font><span style=" Calibri; mso-font-kerning:; "></span><br><br><span style=" Calibri; mso-font-kerning:; ">34.最早精确计算出圆周率的是我国古代数学家(  )</span></div><div><span style=" Calibri; mso-font-kerning:; "></span><br> <table width="100%" border="1"><tbody><tr><td><br> <br></td><td><br>A.<br></td><td><br>刘薇<br></td><td><br>B.<br></td><td><br>祖冲之<br></td><td><br>C.<br></td><td><br>秦九昭<br></td></tr></tbody></table> <br><font color="#ff0000"><span style=" Calibri; mso-font-kerning:; ">考点:</span><span style=" Calibri; mso-font-kerning:; "> </span><span style=" Calibri; mso-font-kerning:; ">圆的认识与圆周率.</span><span style=" Calibri; mso-font-kerning:; "></span><br><br><span style=" Calibri; mso-font-kerning:; ">分析:</span><span style=" Calibri; mso-font-kerning:; "> </span><span style=" Calibri; mso-font-kerning:; ">约在1500年前,我国古代数学家祖冲之计算出圆周率应在3.1415926和3.1415927之间,成为世界上第一个把圆周率的值精确到7位小数的人,比国外数学家至少要早1000年.</span><span style=" Calibri; mso-font-kerning:; "></span><br><br><span style=" Calibri; mso-font-kerning:; ">解答:</span><span style=" Calibri; mso-font-kerning:; "> </span><span style=" Calibri; mso-font-kerning:; ">解:约在1500年前,对π值计算最精确的是我国古代数学家祖冲之.</span><span style=" Calibri; mso-font-kerning:; "></span><br><br><span style=" Calibri; mso-font-kerning:; ">故选:B.</span></font><span style=" Calibri; mso-font-kerning:; "></span><br><br><span style=" Calibri; mso-font-kerning:; ">35.24小时PM2.5平均值超标准值为100﹣150,则空气质量等级为(  )</span></div><div><span style=" Calibri; mso-font-kerning:; "></span><br> <table width="100%" border="1"><tbody><tr><td><br> <br></td><td><br>A.<br></td><td><br>.优<br></td><td><br>B.<br></td><td><br>、轻度污染<br></td><td><br>C.<br></td><td><br>、严重污染<br></td></tr></tbody></table> <br><font color="#ff0000"><span style=" Calibri; mso-font-kerning:; ">考点:</span><span style=" Calibri; mso-font-kerning:; "> </span><span style=" Calibri; mso-font-kerning:; ">平均数的含义及求平均数的方法;数学常识.</span><span style=" Calibri; mso-font-kerning:; "></span><br><br><span style=" Calibri; mso-font-kerning:; ">分析:</span><span style=" Calibri; mso-font-kerning:; "> </span><span style=" Calibri; mso-font-kerning:; ">根据PM2.5检测网的空气质量新标准,24小时平均值标准值分布如下:</span><span style=" Calibri; mso-font-kerning:; "></span><br><br><span style=" Calibri; mso-font-kerning:; ">空气质量等级</span><span style=" Calibri; mso-font-kerning:; "> </span><span style=" Calibri; mso-font-kerning:; ">24小时PM2.5平均值标准值</span><span style=" Calibri; mso-font-kerning:; "></span><br><br><span style=" Calibri; mso-font-kerning:; ">优</span><span style=" Calibri; mso-font-kerning:; "> </span><span style=" Calibri; mso-font-kerning:; ">0﹣35&nbsp;</span><span style=" Calibri; mso-font-kerning:; "></span><br><br><span style=" Calibri; mso-font-kerning:; ">良</span><span style=" Calibri; mso-font-kerning:; "> </span><span style=" Calibri; mso-font-kerning:; ">35﹣75&nbsp;</span><span style=" Calibri; mso-font-kerning:; "></span><br><br><img src="//www.szxuexiao.com/uploadimages/2015/0306/201536202316.png?m=0.894097832031548"><br><br><span style=" Calibri; mso-font-kerning:; ">解答:</span><span style=" Calibri; mso-font-kerning:; "> </span><span style=" Calibri; mso-font-kerning:; ">解;根据标准可知100﹣150应属于轻度污染和中度污染之间.</span><span style=" Calibri; mso-font-kerning:; "></span><br><br><span style=" Calibri; mso-font-kerning:; ">故选:B.</span></font><span style=" Calibri; mso-font-kerning:; "></span><br><br></div>