<div style="text-align: center;"><font color="#ff0000"><strong>2014-2015</strong><strong>学年上学期期中水平测试试卷</strong></font></div>
<div style="text-align: center;"><font color="#ff0000"><br></font></div><strong><div style="text-align: center;"><font color="#ff0000"><strong>六年级</strong><strong> </strong><strong>科学</strong></font></div></strong>
<br><div style="text-align: center;">(全卷共六个大题,满分100分,考试时间60分钟。)</div><div><span style="mso-fareast-font-family:仿宋_GB2312"></span><br>
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<br><strong>一</strong><strong></strong><br>
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<br><strong>二</strong><strong></strong><br>
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<br><strong>三</strong><strong></strong><br>
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<br><strong>四</strong><strong></strong><br>
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<br><strong>五</strong><strong></strong><br>
</td>
<td>
<br><strong>六</strong><strong></strong><br>
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<br><strong>总分</strong><strong></strong><br>
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<br><strong><span>一、填空。(每空</span><span style="mso-fareast-font-family:仿宋_GB2312">1</span><span>分,共</span><span style="mso-fareast-font-family:仿宋_GB2312">25</span><span>分。)</span></strong><span style="mso-fareast-font-family:仿宋_GB2312"></span><br>
<br><span style="mso-fareast-font-family:
仿宋_GB2312">1</span><span>、杠杆是一种简单的(</span><span style="mso-fareast-font-family:仿宋_GB2312"> </span><span>)。杠杆都有三个点。杠杆上用力的点叫(</span><span style="mso-fareast-font-family:仿宋_GB2312"> </span><span>),承受重物的点叫(</span><span style="mso-fareast-font-family:仿宋_GB2312"> </span><span>),起支撑作用的点叫(</span><span style="mso-fareast-font-family:仿宋_GB2312"> </span><span>)。</span><span style="mso-fareast-font-family:仿宋_GB2312"></span><br>
<br><span style="mso-fareast-font-family:
仿宋_GB2312">2</span><span>、像水龙头那样,轮子和轴固定在一起,可以转动的机械,叫做(</span><span style="mso-fareast-font-family:仿宋_GB2312"> </span><span>),我们生活当中很多地方都应用了轮轴的原理,如(</span><span style="mso-fareast-font-family:仿宋_GB2312"> </span><span>)</span><span>(</span><span style="mso-fareast-font-family:仿宋_GB2312"> </span><span>)等。</span><span style="mso-fareast-font-family:仿宋_GB2312"></span><br>
<br><span style="mso-fareast-font-family:
仿宋_GB2312">3</span><span>、像旗杆顶部的轮子一样,固定在支架上不随重物移动的轮子叫做(</span><span style="mso-fareast-font-family:仿宋_GB2312"> </span><span>),它的作用是(</span><span style="mso-fareast-font-family:仿宋_GB2312"> </span><span> );可以随重物一起移动的滑轮叫做(</span><span style="mso-fareast-font-family:仿宋_GB2312"> </span><span>),它的作用是(</span><span style="mso-fareast-font-family:仿宋_GB2312"> </span><span> );把定滑轮和动滑轮组合在一起,就构成了(</span><span style="mso-fareast-font-family:仿宋_GB2312"> </span><span>),它既能(</span><span style="mso-fareast-font-family:仿宋_GB2312"> </span><span>)又能(</span><span style="mso-fareast-font-family:仿宋_GB2312"> </span><span>)。</span><span style="mso-fareast-font-family:仿宋_GB2312"></span><br>
<br><span style="mso-fareast-font-family:
仿宋_GB2312">4</span><span>、为了提升材料的抗弯曲能力,在材料不变的情况下,可以通过增加材料的宽度、(</span><span style="mso-fareast-font-family:仿宋_GB2312"> </span><span>),改变材料的(</span><span style="mso-fareast-font-family:仿宋_GB2312"> </span><span>)等办法来实现。</span><span style="mso-fareast-font-family:仿宋_GB2312"></span><br>
<br><span style="mso-fareast-font-family:
仿宋_GB2312">5</span><span>、圆顶形可以看成是(</span><span style="mso-fareast-font-family:仿宋_GB2312"> </span><span>)的组合。球形在各个方向上都是(</span><span style="mso-fareast-font-family:仿宋_GB2312"> </span><span>)。</span><span style="mso-fareast-font-family:仿宋_GB2312"></span><br>
<br><span style="mso-fareast-font-family:
仿宋_GB2312">6</span><span>、人体自然形成的结构非常巧妙,(</span><span style="mso-fareast-font-family:仿宋_GB2312"> </span><span>)、(</span><span style="mso-fareast-font-family:仿宋_GB2312"> </span><span>)、(</span><span style="mso-fareast-font-family:仿宋_GB2312"> </span><span>)等部位都有拱形。</span><span style="mso-fareast-font-family:仿宋_GB2312"></span><br>
<br><span style="mso-fareast-font-family:
仿宋_GB2312">7</span><span>、框架结构铁塔的特点是:(</span><span style="mso-fareast-font-family:仿宋_GB2312"> </span><span>)、(</span><span style="mso-fareast-font-family:仿宋_GB2312"> </span><span>)、(</span><span style="mso-fareast-font-family:仿宋_GB2312"> </span><span> )(</span><span style="mso-fareast-font-family:仿宋_GB2312"> </span><span> )。</span><span style="mso-fareast-font-family:仿宋_GB2312"></span><br>
<br><strong><span>二、选择题(每小题</span><span style="mso-fareast-font-family:仿宋_GB2312">2</span><span>分,共</span><span style="mso-fareast-font-family:仿宋_GB2312">20</span><span>分。)</span></strong><span style="mso-fareast-font-family:仿宋_GB2312"></span><br>
<br><span style="mso-fareast-font-family:
仿宋_GB2312">1</span><span>、当支点到用力点的距离小于支点到阻力点的距离时,杠杆</span><span style="mso-fareast-font-family:仿宋_GB2312">( )</span><span>。</span><span style="mso-fareast-font-family:仿宋_GB2312"></span><br>
<br><span style="mso-fareast-font-family:
仿宋_GB2312">A</span><span>.费力</span><span style="mso-fareast-font-family:仿宋_GB2312"> B</span><span>.省力</span><span style="mso-fareast-font-family:仿宋_GB2312"> C</span><span>.既不省力也不费力</span><span style="mso-fareast-font-family:仿宋_GB2312"> </span><br>
<br><span style="mso-fareast-font-family:
仿宋_GB2312">2</span><span>、“秤砣虽小,能压千斤”,那是利用了(</span><span style="mso-fareast-font-family:仿宋_GB2312"> </span><span>)原理的结果。</span><span style="mso-fareast-font-family:仿宋_GB2312"></span><br>
<br><span style="mso-fareast-font-family:
仿宋_GB2312">A</span><span>、轮轴</span><span style="mso-fareast-font-family:仿宋_GB2312"> B</span><span>、斜面</span><span style="mso-fareast-font-family:仿宋_GB2312"> C</span><span>、杠杆</span><span style="mso-fareast-font-family:仿宋_GB2312"></span><br>
<br><span style="mso-fareast-font-family:
仿宋_GB2312">3</span><span>、下列形状中最为坚固的形状是</span><span style="mso-fareast-font-family:仿宋_GB2312">( </span><span> </span><span style="mso-fareast-font-family:仿宋_GB2312"> )</span><span>。</span><span style="mso-fareast-font-family:仿宋_GB2312"></span><br>
<br><span style="mso-fareast-font-family:
仿宋_GB2312">A</span><span>.正方体</span><span style="mso-fareast-font-family:仿宋_GB2312"> B</span><span>.长方体</span><span style="mso-fareast-font-family:仿宋_GB2312"> C</span><span>.球形</span><span style="mso-fareast-font-family:仿宋_GB2312"></span><br>
<br><span style="mso-fareast-font-family:
仿宋_GB2312">4</span><span>、人的脚能承受较大的重量,主要是因为</span><span style="mso-fareast-font-family:仿宋_GB2312">( </span><span> </span><span style="mso-fareast-font-family:仿宋_GB2312">)</span><span>。</span><span style="mso-fareast-font-family:仿宋_GB2312"></span><br>
<br><span style="mso-fareast-font-family:
仿宋_GB2312">A</span><span>.脚骨组成拱形结构</span><span style="mso-fareast-font-family:仿宋_GB2312"> B</span><span>.脚骨的数量多</span><span style="mso-fareast-font-family:仿宋_GB2312"> C</span><span>.脚部肌肉发达</span><span style="mso-fareast-font-family:仿宋_GB2312"></span><br>
<br><span style="mso-fareast-font-family:
仿宋_GB2312">5</span><span>、安全帽承受压力好的性能的是利用</span><span style="mso-fareast-font-family:仿宋_GB2312">( </span><span> </span><span style="mso-fareast-font-family:仿宋_GB2312">)</span><span>的原理。</span><span style="mso-fareast-font-family:仿宋_GB2312"></span><br>
<br><span style="mso-fareast-font-family:
仿宋_GB2312">A</span><span>.三角框架</span><span style="mso-fareast-font-family:仿宋_GB2312"> B</span><span>.圆顶形</span><span style="mso-fareast-font-family:仿宋_GB2312"> C</span><span>.塔形</span><span style="mso-fareast-font-family:仿宋_GB2312"></span><br>
<br><span style="mso-fareast-font-family:
仿宋_GB2312">6</span><span>、下列不属于斜面的应用的是</span><span style="mso-fareast-font-family:仿宋_GB2312">( </span><span> </span><span style="mso-fareast-font-family:仿宋_GB2312">)</span><br>
<br><span style="mso-fareast-font-family:
仿宋_GB2312">A</span><span>.爬楼梯上</span><span style="mso-fareast-font-family:仿宋_GB2312"> B</span><span>.用斧头砍倒大树</span><span style="mso-fareast-font-family:仿宋_GB2312"> C</span><span>.滑轮吊起重物</span><span style="mso-fareast-font-family:仿宋_GB2312"></span><br>
<br><span style="mso-fareast-font-family:
仿宋_GB2312">7</span><span>、我们生活中常用的剪刀,是</span><span style="mso-fareast-font-family:仿宋_GB2312">( </span><span> </span><span style="mso-fareast-font-family:仿宋_GB2312">)</span><span>简单机械的组合。</span><span style="mso-fareast-font-family:仿宋_GB2312"></span><br>
<br><span style="mso-fareast-font-family:
仿宋_GB2312">A</span><span>.杠杆和斜面</span><span style="mso-fareast-font-family:仿宋_GB2312"> B</span><span>.杠杆和轮轴</span><span style="mso-fareast-font-family:仿宋_GB2312"> C</span><span>.轮轴和斜面</span><span style="mso-fareast-font-family:仿宋_GB2312"></span><br>
<br><span style="mso-fareast-font-family:
仿宋_GB2312">8</span><span>、薄形材料中,</span><span style="mso-fareast-font-family:仿宋_GB2312">( )</span><span>的材料抗弯曲能力最差。</span><span style="mso-fareast-font-family:仿宋_GB2312"></span><br>
<br><span style="mso-fareast-font-family:
仿宋_GB2312">A</span><span>.“一”字形</span><span style="mso-fareast-font-family:仿宋_GB2312"> B</span><span>.“</span><span style="mso-fareast-font-family:仿宋_GB2312">T</span><span>”字形</span><span style="mso-fareast-font-family:仿宋_GB2312"> C</span><span>.“</span><span style="mso-fareast-font-family:仿宋_GB2312">L</span><span>”字形</span><span style="mso-fareast-font-family:仿宋_GB2312"></span><br>
<br><span style="mso-fareast-font-family:
仿宋_GB2312">9</span><span>、不省力也不费力的工具是(</span><span style="mso-fareast-font-family:仿宋_GB2312"> </span><span> )。</span><span style="mso-fareast-font-family:仿宋_GB2312"></span><br>
<br><span style="mso-fareast-font-family:
仿宋_GB2312">A. </span><span>老虎钳</span><span style="mso-fareast-font-family:仿宋_GB2312"> B. </span><span>订书机</span><span style="mso-fareast-font-family:仿宋_GB2312"> C. </span><span>镊子</span><span style="mso-fareast-font-family:仿宋_GB2312"> </span><br>
<br><span style="mso-fareast-font-family:
仿宋_GB2312">10</span><span>、在正主形框架中增加的斜杆(</span><span style="mso-fareast-font-family:仿宋_GB2312"> </span><span> </span><span style="mso-fareast-font-family:仿宋_GB2312"> </span><span>)作用。</span><span style="mso-fareast-font-family:仿宋_GB2312"></span><br>
<br><span style="mso-fareast-font-family:
仿宋_GB2312">A. </span><span>起美观</span><span style="mso-fareast-font-family:仿宋_GB2312"> B.</span><span>起加固</span><span style="mso-fareast-font-family:仿宋_GB2312"> C. </span><span>不起</span><span style="mso-fareast-font-family:仿宋_GB2312"> </span><br>
<br><strong><span>三、判断。(对的打“√”错的打“×”。每小题</span><span style="mso-fareast-font-family:仿宋_GB2312">1.5</span><span>分,共</span><span style="mso-fareast-font-family:仿宋_GB2312">15</span><span>分。)</span></strong><span style="mso-fareast-font-family:仿宋_GB2312"></span><br>
<br><span style="mso-fareast-font-family:
仿宋_GB2312">1</span><span>、轮轴的轮越大,轴越小,用轮带动轴转动就越省力。</span><span>(</span><span style="mso-fareast-font-family:仿宋_GB2312"> </span><span>)</span><span style="mso-fareast-font-family:仿宋_GB2312"></span><br>
<br><span style="mso-fareast-font-family:
仿宋_GB2312">2</span><span>、有些房屋的房顶是应用了斜面原理。</span><span style="mso-fareast-font-family:仿宋_GB2312"> </span><span>(</span><span style="mso-fareast-font-family:仿宋_GB2312"> </span><span>)</span><span style="mso-fareast-font-family:仿宋_GB2312"></span><br>
<br><span style="mso-fareast-font-family:
仿宋_GB2312">3</span><span>、葱管状的叶子,有拱形结构,使它又结实又轻巧。</span><span>(</span><span style="mso-fareast-font-family:仿宋_GB2312"> </span><span>)</span><span style="mso-fareast-font-family:仿宋_GB2312"></span><br>
<br><span style="mso-fareast-font-family:
仿宋_GB2312">4</span><span>、螺丝钉的螺纹也是一种变形的斜面。</span><span>(</span><span style="mso-fareast-font-family:仿宋_GB2312"> </span><span>)</span></div><div><span style="mso-fareast-font-family:仿宋_GB2312"><br></span></div><div><span style="mso-fareast-font-family:仿宋_GB2312">5</span><span>、费力的工具只会给我们的生活带来不便,我们尽量不要使用。</span><span style="mso-fareast-font-family:仿宋_GB2312"> </span><span>(</span><span style="mso-fareast-font-family:仿宋_GB2312"> </span><span>)</span><span style="mso-fareast-font-family:仿宋_GB2312"></span><br>
<br><span style="mso-fareast-font-family:
仿宋_GB2312">6</span><span>、只要能抵住拱的外推力,拱的承载能力是无限的。</span><span>(</span><span style="mso-fareast-font-family:仿宋_GB2312"> </span><span>)</span><span style="mso-fareast-font-family:仿宋_GB2312"></span><br>
<br><span style="mso-fareast-font-family:
仿宋_GB2312">7</span><span>、奥运会主体育场“鸟巢”的外墙体是一种特殊的框架结构。</span><span>(</span><span style="mso-fareast-font-family:仿宋_GB2312"> </span><span>)</span><span style="mso-fareast-font-family:仿宋_GB2312"></span><br>
<br><span style="mso-fareast-font-family:
仿宋_GB2312">8</span><span>、我国人民很早就开始使用杆秤了,杆秤是杠杆类工具。</span><span>(</span><span style="mso-fareast-font-family:仿宋_GB2312"> </span><span>)</span><span style="mso-fareast-font-family:仿宋_GB2312"></span><br>
<br><span style="mso-fareast-font-family:
仿宋_GB2312">9</span><span>、物体的质量与物体的抗弯曲能力无关。</span><span>(</span><span style="mso-fareast-font-family:仿宋_GB2312"> </span><span>)</span><span style="mso-fareast-font-family:仿宋_GB2312"></span><br>
<br><span style="mso-fareast-font-family:
仿宋_GB2312">10</span><span>、拱形与其他形状相比,增加了物体的厚度。</span><span>(</span><span style="mso-fareast-font-family:仿宋_GB2312"> </span><span>)</span><span style="mso-fareast-font-family:仿宋_GB2312"></span><br>
<br><strong><span>四、连线。(连对一线得</span><span style="mso-fareast-font-family:仿宋_GB2312">1</span><span>分,共</span><span style="mso-fareast-font-family:仿宋_GB2312">10</span><span>分。)</span></strong><br>
<br><span>汽车方向盘</span><span style="mso-fareast-font-family:仿宋_GB2312"> </span><span>斜面</span><span style="mso-fareast-font-family:仿宋_GB2312"> </span><span>自行车龙头</span><span style="mso-fareast-font-family:仿宋_GB2312"> </span><span>工作部分</span><span style="mso-fareast-font-family:仿宋_GB2312"> </span><br>
<br><span>斧子</span><span style="mso-fareast-font-family:仿宋_GB2312"> </span><span>省力杠杆</span><span style="mso-fareast-font-family:仿宋_GB2312"> </span><span>自行车链条</span><span style="mso-fareast-font-family:仿宋_GB2312"> </span><span>动力部分</span><span style="mso-fareast-font-family:仿宋_GB2312"></span><br>
<br><span>起重机</span><span style="mso-fareast-font-family:仿宋_GB2312"> </span><span>费力杠杆</span><span style="mso-fareast-font-family:仿宋_GB2312"> </span><span>自行车车轮</span><span style="mso-fareast-font-family:仿宋_GB2312"> </span><span>操纵部分</span><span style="mso-fareast-font-family:仿宋_GB2312"></span><br>
<br><span>旗杆顶的轮子</span><span style="mso-fareast-font-family:仿宋_GB2312"> </span><span>动滑轮</span><span style="mso-fareast-font-family:仿宋_GB2312"> </span><span>自行车脚踏板</span><span style="mso-fareast-font-family:仿宋_GB2312"> </span><span>传动部分</span><span style="mso-fareast-font-family:仿宋_GB2312"> </span><br>
<br><span>开瓶器</span><span style="mso-fareast-font-family:仿宋_GB2312"> </span><span> </span><span style="mso-fareast-font-family:仿宋_GB2312"> </span><span>轮轴</span><span style="mso-fareast-font-family:仿宋_GB2312"> </span><br>
<br><span>筷子</span><span style="mso-fareast-font-family:仿宋_GB2312"> </span><span>滑轮组 </span><span style="mso-fareast-font-family:仿宋_GB2312"> </span><span> </span><span style="mso-fareast-font-family:仿宋_GB2312"></span><br>
<br><strong><span>五、实验探究。(</span><span style="mso-fareast-font-family:仿宋_GB2312">5</span><span>分)</span></strong><span style="mso-fareast-font-family:仿宋_GB2312"></span><br>
<br><span style="color:#3B3B3B;mso-font-kerning:
0pt">下面是一位同学在做纸的厚度与抗弯曲能力大小的测试记录,根据他的记录,总结纸的厚度与抗弯曲能力的关系。</span><div><font color="#3b3b3b"><br></font>
<table border="1" width="100%">
<tbody><tr>
<td>
<br>纸的厚度<br>
</td>
<td>
<br>1<br>
</td>
<td>
<br>2<br>
</td>
<td>
<br>3<br>
</td>
<td>
<br>4<br>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>
<br>抗弯曲能力的大小(回形针数量)<br>
</td>
<td>
<br>2<br>
</td>
<td>
<br>5<br>
</td>
<td>
<br>7<br>
</td>
<td>
<br>10<br>
</td>
</tr>
</tbody></table>
<br><span style="
color:#3B3B3B;mso-font-kerning:0pt">结论:</span><span style="text-decoration:underline"><span style="mso-fareast-font-family:仿宋_GB2312"> </span></span><span style="text-decoration:underline"><span> </span></span><span style="text-decoration:underline"><span style="mso-fareast-font-family:仿宋_GB2312"></span></span><br>
<br><span style="text-decoration:underline"><span> </span></span><span> </span><span style="mso-fareast-font-family:仿宋_GB2312"></span><br>
<br><strong><span>六、简答题。(每题</span><span style="mso-fareast-font-family:仿宋_GB2312">5</span><span>分,共</span><span style="mso-fareast-font-family:仿宋_GB2312">25</span><span>分。)</span></strong><span style="mso-fareast-font-family:仿宋_GB2312"></span><br>
<br><span style="mso-fareast-
??;??;mso-font-kerning:0pt">1</span><span style="mso-ascii-
??;??;mso-font-kerning:0pt">、横梁抗弯曲能力与哪些因素有关?</span><br>
<br><span style="mso-fareast-
">2</span><span style="
font-family:仿宋_GB2312">、为什么改变形状也能提高材料的抗弯曲能力?</span><br>
<br><span style="mso-fareast-
??">3</span><strong><span style="
mso-ascii-font-weight:normal">、自行车上的简单机械有哪些?列举部件名称及机械类型至少三种。。</span></strong><strong><span style="mso-fareast-
??"></span></strong><br><br><span style="mso-fareast-font-family:
仿宋_GB2312">4</span><span>、说说你在日常生活中常用的费力杠杆有哪些?省力杠杆有哪些?</span><br>
<br><span style="mso-fareast-font-family:
仿宋_GB2312">5</span><span>、盘上公路为什么会修成“</span><span style="mso-fareast-font-family:仿宋_GB2312">S</span><span>”形?</span><span style="mso-fareast-font-family:仿宋_GB2312"></span><br><br></div></div></div>
六年级上