最新北师大版小学五年级数学下学期期末总复习资料

<div style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-weight: bold;"><font color="#ff0000">最新北师大版小学五年级下学期数学总复习资料</font></span></div><br><strong><span>&#10084;</span><span>概念</span></strong><span></span><br><br><span>长方体的表面积=(长×宽+长×高+宽×高)×2&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;S=(ab+ah+bh)×2</span><span></span><br><br><span>长方体的体积=长×宽×高&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;V=abh</span><span></span><br><br><span>正方体的表面积=棱长×棱长×6&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;S=6a2</span><span></span><br><br><span>正方体的体积=棱长×棱长×棱长&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;V=a3</span><br><br><span>长方体(或正方体)的体积=底面积×高&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;V=sh</span><span></span><br><br><span>计量体积要用体积单位,常用的体积单位有立方厘米,立方分米和立方米,可以分别写成cm3,dm3和m3。</span><span></span><br><br><span>1dm3=1000cm3&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;1m3=1000dm3</span><span></span><br><br><span>所能容纳物体的体积,通常叫做它们的容积。计量容积,一般就用体积单位。</span><br><br><span>计量液体的体积,常用容积单位升和毫升,也可以写成L和ml。</span><span></span><br><br><span>1L=1000ml&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;1L=1dm3&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;1ml=1cm3</span><span></span><br><br><span>分子比分母小的分数叫真分数。真分数小于1。</span><span></span><br><br><span>分子比分母大或分子和分母相等的分数叫做假分数。假分数大于1或等于1。</span><span></span><br><br><span>分数的分子和分母同时乘或者除以相同的数(0除外),分数的大小不变。这叫做分数的基本性质。</span><span></span><br><br><span>把一个分数化成和它相等,但分子和分母都比较小的分数,叫做约分。</span><span></span><br><br><span>把异分母分数分别化成和原来分数相等的同分母分数,叫做通分。</span><span></span><br><br><span>同分母分数相加减,分母不变,只把分子相加减。</span><span></span><br><br><img src="//www.szxuexiao.com/uploadimages/2015/0604/201564202640.png?m=0.3208149392157793"><br><br><br><div style="text-align: center;"><strong><font color="#38761d">试题一</font></strong></div><br><span><strong>一.填空。</strong></span><br><br><span>1.一个长方体的长为1分米,宽为8厘米,高为3厘米,它的表面积是(&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;),体积是(&nbsp;&nbsp;)。</span><span></span><br><br><span>2.用一根长为48厘米的铁丝制成一个最大的正方体框架,它的表面积是(&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;)平方厘米,体积是(&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;)立方厘米。</span><span></span><br><br><span>3.已知一个三角形的面积是24平方厘米&nbsp;,&nbsp;底是8厘米,高是(&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;)厘米。</span><span></span><br><br><span>4.把一根长2米的长方体木料,平均锯成4段,表面积比原来增加了48平方分米,原来这根木料的体积是(&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;)立方分米。</span><span></span><br><br><span><strong>二.判断。</strong></span><span></span><br><br><span>1.长方体的棱长之和是84厘米,从一个顶点出发的三条棱的长度之和是21厘米。&nbsp;&nbsp;</span><span>(&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;)</span><br><br><span>2.解方程。</span><span></span><br><br><span>6x-0.4×6&nbsp;=&nbsp;9.6&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;118-2×(&nbsp;4.1&nbsp;+&nbsp;X&nbsp;)&nbsp;=&nbsp;55&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;4x&nbsp;+80&nbsp;=&nbsp;160</span><span></span><br><br><br><span>9.6÷X&nbsp;=&nbsp;0.8&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;4.8-X&nbsp;=&nbsp;3×(&nbsp;X&nbsp;+&nbsp;6&nbsp;)&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</span><span style=" Arial; Arial; Arial; ">&nbsp;</span><span>&nbsp;4.3X-1.5&nbsp;+&nbsp;3.2X&nbsp;=&nbsp;4.5</span><span></span><br><br><span><strong>三.应用题。</strong></span><span></span><br><br><span>1. &nbsp;小华前2次数学测验的平均成绩是91分,后3次测验平均成绩是90分。求他这5次测验的平均成绩。&nbsp;算式:_______________</span><span></span><br><br><span>2.李红和王刚买同一种练习本5本和3本,已知李红比王刚多付7.20元,这种练习本的单价是多少元?</span><span></span><br><br><span>3.甲乙两位运动员练习赛跑,甲每秒跑7米,乙每秒跑6.5米。如果让乙先跑出10米后,甲再出发,几秒钟后甲追上乙?(用方程解)</span><div><font face="Arial"><br></font><span>4.甲车每小时行50千米,乙车每小时行56千米,两车从相距20千米的两地相背而行,几小时后两车相距274.4千米?</span><span></span><br><br><span>5.一个游泳池长50米,宽30米,深3.5米。在游泳池的四壁和底部铺上边长1分米的方砖,共需方砖多少块?如果将这个游泳池放满水,能放水多少立方米?</span><span></span><br><br><span>6.果园里有桃树730棵,比梨树的1.25倍少20棵,果园有梨树和桃树共多少棵?</span><br><br><span>7.工程队要筑一条长7.4千米的公路,已经筑了12天,平均每天筑0.35千米,剩下的要在8天内完成,平均每天至少要筑多少千米?</span><br><br><br><div style="text-align: center;"><font color="#38761d"><strong>试题二</strong></font></div><br><span><strong>一.填空题。</strong></span><span></span><br><br><span>1、一个正方体的棱长扩大3倍,体积就扩大(&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;)倍,表面积扩大(&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;)倍。</span><span></span><br><br><span>2、3升60毫升&nbsp;=(&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;)升&nbsp;=(&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;)毫升。</span><span></span><br><br><span>3、把96分解质因数是(&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;)。</span><span></span><br><br><span>4、把4米长的木棒平均分成7段,每段长</span><span style=" Arial; Arial; Arial; ">(</span><span>&nbsp;&nbsp;)米,每段占全长的(&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;)。</span><br><br><span>5.李明今年a岁,张亮今年a&nbsp;+&nbsp;b岁;5年后,两人的年龄相差(&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;)岁。</span><br><br><span>二、选择(把正确答案的序号填在括号里)&nbsp;。</span><span></span><br><br><span>1、把一个长方体割成许多小正方体,它的体积(&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;),表面积(&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;)</span><span></span><br><br><span>①</span><span>&nbsp;不变&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</span><span>②</span><span>&nbsp;增加&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</span><span>③</span><span>&nbsp;减少</span><span></span><br><br><span>2、一个长方体是8厘米,宽是6厘米,高是4厘米,它的棱长和是(&nbsp;&nbsp;)厘米。&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</span><span>①</span><span>&nbsp;18&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</span><span>②</span><span>&nbsp;36&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</span><span>③</span><span>&nbsp;72</span><br><br><span>3、1立方米的正方体以分成(&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;)个1立方分米的小正方体。</span><span></span><br><br><span>①</span><span>1000个&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</span><span>②</span><span>100个&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</span><span>③</span><span>10个</span><span></span><br><br><span><strong>三.应用题</strong></span><span></span><br><br><span>1.某气象小组在一天中的2时、8时、16时和20时分别测得气温是18度、20度、28度和26度。求这一天的平均气温。</span><span></span><br><br><span>2.新河乡修了一条水渠,第一天修了58.5米,比第二天修的3倍多4&nbsp;,第二天修了多少米。</span><span></span><br><br><span>3.仓库存有一批货物,运走了45吨,比剩下的多20.3吨,这批货物共有多少吨?</span><span></span><br><br><span>4.一根长24米的电线,用去了16米,用去了全长的几分之几?还剩下全长的几分之几?</span><br><br><span>5.用铁皮做一个长方体油箱,油箱的长8分米,宽6分米,高5分米。至少要用铁皮多少平方分米?如果每立方米油重0.82千克。那么,这个油箱最多可装柴油多少千克?</span><span></span><br><br><span>6.一个长方体的鱼缸,从里面量长6分米、高5分米、宽4分米,现在往鱼缸内注入96升水,水面离鱼缸的沿口有多少分米?</span><span></span><br><br></div>