2011-2012学年小学六年级《科学》上学期期末考试试卷

<div><strong>一、填空:22</strong></div><div><br></div><div>1、微生物是一类非常微小的 &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;,通常要借助 &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;才可以看清楚。</div><div><br></div><div>2、人类的很多行为直接导致了地表的改变,如 &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; ,以及 &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; 等。</div><div><br></div><div>3、地球绕太阳公转一圈的时间为: &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; 。&nbsp;</div><div><br></div><div>4、能使紫甘蓝水变红的物质,叫做 &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;;能使紫甘蓝水变绿的物质,叫做 &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;。</div><div><br></div><div>5、世界上第一个进入宇宙空间的英雄是前苏联航天员 &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;,第一个登上月球的的航天员是美国的 &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;;我国“神州”五号载人飞船首次发射成功,首位航天员是 &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;,随后我国“神州”六号载人飞船也发射成功,两位航天员分别是 &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; 、 &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;。</div><div><br></div><div>7、防止铁制品生锈的方法有: &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; 、 &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; 。</div><div><br></div><div>8、防止物品发霉的方法有 &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;、 &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; 。</div><div><br></div><div>9、举例说明细菌的功与过:</div><div><br></div><div>(1)利用细菌生产新的食品: &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;、 &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; ;&nbsp;</div><div><br></div><div>(2)利用细菌生产药品和生物塑料: &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; 、 &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; ;</div><div><br></div><div>(3)有的细菌也会和病毒一样引发疾病,如: &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;、 &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; 。</div><div><br></div><div><br></div><div><strong>二、判断: 20</strong></div><div><br></div><div>1、不要吃变质的酸奶,否则会引起腹泻、消化不良,甚至中毒。-------------------( &nbsp; &nbsp;)</div><div><br></div><div>2、鸡蛋中的蛋黄就是一个细胞。-------------------------------------------------------------( &nbsp; &nbsp;)</div><div><br></div><div>3、我们江宁地区的主要地形地貌是平原和小丘陵。-------------------------------------( &nbsp; &nbsp;)</div><div><br></div><div>4、风化后的岩石被风、水、冰或重力磨蚀、搬运的过程叫侵蚀。-------------------( &nbsp; &nbsp;)</div><div><br></div><div>5、行星距太阳越远,运行周期越短。-------------------------------------------------------( &nbsp; &nbsp;)</div><div><br></div><div>6、对问题答案的猜测也叫假设,是科学探究过程中一个非常重要的过程。-------( &nbsp; &nbsp;)</div><div><br></div><div>7、在对比实验中每次只能改变一个因素,其他因素应该保持一样。----------------( &nbsp; &nbsp;)</div><div><br></div><div>8、产生地震的主要原因是地底下的温度太高。-------------------------------------------( &nbsp; &nbsp;)</div><div><br></div><div>9、自然界中的所有物质都是在不断变化的。----------------------------------------------( &nbsp; &nbsp;)</div><div><br></div><div>10、像太阳这样自己发光的天体,叫做恒星。--------------------------------------------( &nbsp; &nbsp;)</div><div><br></div><div><br></div><div><strong>三、填表:12</strong></div><div><br></div><div>1、将表格内左侧物质按酸碱性填入表格右侧:6</div><div><br></div><div> <table><tbody><tr><td width="231">物质名称</td><td width="129">酸性物质</td><td width="129">中性物质</td><td width="129">碱性物质</td></tr><tr><td width="231">醋、小苏打、纯净水、牛奶、洗手液、大白菜</td><td width="129"></td><td width="129"></td><td width="129"></td></tr></tbody></table> </div><div><br></div><div>2、将表格内物质变化按有没有成生新物质填入表格右侧:6</div><div><br></div><div> <table><tbody><tr><td width="189">生物名称</td><td width="215">仅形态变化,没有产生新物质</td><td width="215">产生了新物质</td></tr><tr><td width="189" rowspan="3">铁烧熔成铁水、盐酸滴在石灰石上、生米煮成熟饭、水结冰、往澄清的石灰水中吹气、碗打碎了</td><td width="215"></td><td width="215"></td></tr><tr><td width="215"></td><td width="215"></td></tr><tr><td width="215"></td><td width="215"></td></tr></tbody></table> </div><div><br></div><div><br></div><div><strong>四、连线:12</strong></div><div><br></div><div>1、根据九大行星与太阳的距离,按由近及远的顺序用线将行星与序号连起来。</div><div><br></div><div>地球 &nbsp;天王星 &nbsp;土星 &nbsp;火星 &nbsp;水星 &nbsp;金星 &nbsp;冥王星 &nbsp;海王星 &nbsp;木星</div><div><br></div><div>太阳 &nbsp; ① &nbsp; &nbsp;② &nbsp; &nbsp;③ &nbsp; ④ &nbsp; &nbsp;⑤ &nbsp; ⑥ &nbsp; &nbsp;⑦ &nbsp; &nbsp; ⑧ &nbsp; ⑨</div><div><br></div><div>2、用线将科学家的名字和他的发明或发现连起来。</div><div><br></div><div>列文虎克 &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;细胞</div><div><br></div><div>弗莱明 &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;微生物</div><div><br></div><div>胡克 &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;青霉素</div><div><br></div><div><br></div><div><strong>五、绘图:10</strong></div><div><br></div><div>1、画出在显微镜下看到的洋葱表皮细胞 &nbsp; 2、画出北斗七星并按位置关系画出北极星</div><div><br></div><div><br></div><div><strong>六、简答题:12</strong>&nbsp;</div><div><br></div><div>1、当地震发生时,我们应该怎样保护自己? &nbsp; 2、怎样减少病毒和致病细菌的传播?</div><div><br></div><div>3、比较单细胞生物和多细胞生物的异同。</div><div><br></div><div><br></div><div><strong>七、科学计算问题:10</strong></div><div><br></div><div>1、繁殖一代细菌实际约需要20分钟, &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;2、地球赤道周长约40000千米。如果你以每小时</div><div><br></div><div>一个细菌七小时后繁殖到第几代? &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;4千米的速度,每天行走8小时,当你绕行赤</div><div><br></div><div>这时细菌个数已达多少个? &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;一圈后,你的年龄该有多大?</div><div><br></div><div><br></div>