<div><strong>一. 26个字母的书写</strong></div><div><br></div><div><strong>二. 5个元音字母的书写</strong></div><div><br></div><div><strong>三. 48个音标的认读</strong></div><div><br></div><div><strong>四. 有关的词汇</strong></div><div><br></div><div>人称（I，you...）、动物、交通工具、颜色、家庭成员、日常用品、身体部位、数词、衣服鞋袜、国名、形容词（描述外形特征的词）、动词（表示行为动作的词）、方位介词（前后上下......）主食（饭，面包，面条，蛋糕...）、水果、饮料、疑问词（wh-开头的词语）......</div><div><br></div><div><br></div><div><strong>五. 话题</strong></div><div><br></div><div>关于姓名的对话、询问年龄、关于颜色、关于爱好、关于拥有（×××有......）、关于问好、打招呼、关于选择、指向（如：这是......？）、问数量、问来自哪里、问“你在做什么”、问价格、问能力（Can you...）、问出行方式、提出请求（如：May I have...？）、命令与禁止、问是谁、问是谁的、提建议（Let‘s...）、问最喜欢的动物是什么以及书上的有关对话等等</div><div><br></div><div><br></div><div><strong>☆形容词的比较级☆</strong></div><div><br></div><div>当我们需要对事物作出比较时，需要用到比较级。</div><div><br></div><div><br></div><div><strong>比较级的句子结构通常是：</strong></div><div><br></div><div>什么 + 动词be (am , is , are ) + 形容词比较级 + than（比）+ 什么 ,如：</div><div><br></div><div>I’m taller and heavier than you. （我比你更高和更重。）</div><div><br></div><div>An elephant is bigger than a tiger. （一只大象比一只老虎更大。）</div><div><br></div><div><br></div><div><strong>形容词的比较级是在形容词的基础上变化而来的，它的变化规则是：</strong></div><div><br></div><div>① 一般的直接在词尾加er ，如 tall - taller , strong - stronger ,</div><div><br></div><div>② 以e结尾的，直接加r ，如 fine - finer ,</div><div><br></div><div>③ 以辅音字母加y结尾的，先改y为i再加er，如funny - funnier</div><div><br></div><div>④ 双写最后的字母再加er，如big - bigger, thin - thinner ,</div><div><br></div><div>hot - hotter</div><div><br></div><div><br></div><div>除此之外，还有几个特殊的单词，它的比较级和最高级都是不规则的，如：</div><div><br></div><div>many / much（原形）- more（比较级）- most（最高级）</div><div><br></div><div>little / few（原形） - less （比较级）- least（最高级）</div><div><br></div><div>good（原形） - better（比较级） - best（最高级）</div><div><br></div><div>bad （原形） - worse（比较级） - worst（最高级）</div><div><br></div><div>far （原形） - further- furthest</div><div><br></div><div><br></div><div><strong>附加：形容词的最高级变化类似于比较级，只是把词尾的er改成est，如：</strong></div><div><br></div><div>tall （原形）- taller （比较级）- tallest （最高级）</div><div><br></div><div>long（原形）- longer（比较级）- longest（最高级）</div><div><br></div><div>big （原形）- bigger（比较级）- biggest（最高级）</div><div><br></div><div><br></div><div><strong>☆注意☆ 比较的两者应该是互相对应的可比较的东西。</strong></div><div><br></div><div>典型错误：My hair is longer than you.（我的头发比你更长。）</div><div><br></div><div>比较的两者是我的头发、你（整个人），那么比较的对象就没有可比性。</div><div><br></div><div>应该改为：My hair is longer than yours. 或My hair is longer than your hair.</div><div><br></div><div><br></div><div><strong>附：如果比较的两者是一样的时候，我们会用 as...as...这个词组，它的用法是：</strong></div><div><br></div><div>什么+be+as+形容词原形+as+什么，意思是什么和什么一样......。如：</div><div><br></div><div>I‘m as tall as you.（我和你一样高。）</div><div><br></div><div>My feet are as big as yours.（我的脚和你的一样大。）</div><div><br></div><div><br></div><div><strong>比较级专项练习</strong></div><div><strong><br></strong></div><div><strong>一、从方框中选出合适的单词完成句子</strong></div><div><br></div><div>(1) How is the Yellow River?</div><div><br></div><div>(2) How is Mr Green? He’s 175cm.</div><div><br></div><div>(3) How are your feet? I wear size 18.</div><div><br></div><div>(4) How is the white T-shirt? It‘s 100 yuan.</div><div><br></div><div>(5) How apples are there in the bag? There are 5.</div><div><br></div><div>(6) How is the fish? It’s 2kg.</div><div><br></div><div><br></div><div><strong>二、根据句意写出所缺的单词</strong></div><div><br></div><div>(1) I‘m 12 years old. You’re 14. I‘m than you.</div><div><br></div><div>(2) A rabbit’s tail is than a monkey‘s tail.</div><div><br></div><div>(3) An elephant is than a pig.</div><div><br></div><div>(4) A lake is than a sea.</div><div><br></div><div>(5) A basketball is than a football.</div><div><br></div><div><br></div><div><strong>三、根据中文完成句子.</strong></div><div><br></div><div>(1) 我比我的弟弟大三岁. I’m than my brother.</div><div><br></div><div>(2) 这棵树要比那棵树高. This tree than that one.</div><div><br></div><div>(3) 你比他矮四厘米. You are than he.</div><div><br></div><div>(4) 谁比你重? than you.</div><div><br></div><div>(5) 他比你更强壮. He is than you.</div><div><br></div><div><br></div><div><strong>四、根据答句写出问句</strong></div><div><br></div><div>(1) I‘m 160 cm.</div><div><br></div><div>(2) I’m 12 years old.</div><div><br></div><div>(3) My shoes are 80 yuan.</div><div><br></div><div>(4) Amy‘s hair is 30 cm long.</div><div><br></div><div>(5) I have three English books.</div><div><br></div><div><br></div><div><strong>☆时态☆</strong></div><div><br></div><div>小学阶段一共学了四种时态，分别是：一般现在时，一般将来时，现在进行时，一般过去时。下面我们一一进行总结。</div><div><br></div><div>1、 一般现在时</div><div><br></div><div>A、表示不受时限的客观存在</div><div><br></div><div>如：He is a boy. She is a student. My mother is a nurse.</div><div><br></div><div>This is a dog. I have a story-book.</div><div><br></div><div>B、表示现在的习惯动作，即指现在经常发生的动作，一般现在时常用来表示现在时间里某种动作的经常性和习惯性。它常与表示程度或频度的词连用，如：often（经常） , usually（通常，一般） , sometimes（有时） , always（总是，一直） , never（从不）</div><div><br></div><div>如：I often go to school on foot. My father works in a school.</div><div><br></div><div>Mike watches TV every day.</div><div><br></div><div>I usually play computer games on the weekend.</div><div><br></div><div>C、表示现时的状态和现在瞬间动作</div><div><br></div><div>如：How are you? You look happy.</div><div><br></div><div>What’s the matter with you? I have a headache.</div><div><br></div><div>What do you have for lunch? I have some chicken.</div><div><br></div><div><br></div><div><strong>☆注意☆ 英语动词的现在时与原形同形。但当主语是第三人称单数时，须在词尾加-s 或 -es。例如：</strong></div><div><br></div><div>I have a fish for dinner. Her mother works in a hospital.</div><div><br></div><div>Amy often goes to school by bike. Mr. Liu teaches us English.</div><div><br></div><div>加-es 的动词必须是以“sh , ch , o “等字母结尾的。</div><div><br></div><div>如：watches , teaches , goes , washes</div><div><br></div><div>2、 一般将来时</div><div><br></div><div>表示在将来会发生的事或动作。它常与表示将来的时间连用，如：tomorrow , next week , next year , this morning , this afternoon , this evening 等。</div><div><br></div><div><br></div><div><strong>☆注意☆ 一般将来时小学阶段主要学了两种结构：</strong></div><div><br></div><div>①be going to + 动词的原形 / 地点 ②will + 动词的原形</div><div><br></div><div>例句： I‘m going to go shopping this afternoon.</div><div><br></div><div>She is going to Hong Kong next week.</div><div><br></div><div>You will see many birds in the sky.</div><div><br></div><div>3、 现在进行时</div><div><br></div><div>表示说话时正在进行的动作或现阶段一直在进行的动作。</div><div><br></div><div>☆注意☆它的构成是：be的现在时形式（am , is , are）加动词的ing形式。如：What are you doing? I’m writing a letter.</div><div><br></div><div>What are they doing? They‘re swimming.</div><div><br></div><div>Is he playing chess? Yes, he is.</div><div><br></div><div>Look, Amy is reading an English book.</div><div><br></div><div><br></div><div><strong>☆注意☆ 动词的ing形式的构成规则：</strong></div><div><br></div><div>① 一般的直接在后面加上ing ,</div><div><br></div><div>如doing , going , working , singing , eating</div><div><br></div><div>② 以e 结尾的动词，要先去e再加ing，如having , writing</div><div><br></div><div>③ 双写最后一个字母的（此类动词极少）有：running , swimming , sitting , getting</div><div><br></div><div>4、一般过去时</div><div><br></div><div>主要用来表示在特定过去时间中一次完成的动作或一度存在的状态，也可表示过去的习惯动作。它与现在时间不发生关系，它表示的动作或状态都已成为过去，现已不复存在。它经常与表示过去的时间连用。如：</div><div><br></div><div>I went to a park yesterday. I read a book last night.</div><div><br></div><div>I watched TV yesterday evening.</div><div><br></div><div>I went on a big trip last weekend. I failed my Chinese test.</div><div><br></div><div><br></div><div><strong>☆注意☆一般过去时主要体现在动词的形式要用过去式，动词的过去式的构成规则有：</strong></div><div><br></div><div>A、规则动词</div><div><br></div><div>① 一般直接在动词的后面加ed；</div><div><br></div><div>如worked , learned , cleaned , visited</div><div><br></div><div>②以e结尾的动词直接加d；如lived , danced , used</div><div><br></div><div>③ 以辅音字母加y结尾的动词要改y为i再加ed（此类动词较少）如study - studied carry - carried worry - worried</div><div><br></div><div>（play、stay除外）</div><div><br></div><div>④ 双写最后一个字母（此类动词较少）如stopped</div><div><br></div><div>B、不规则动词（此类词并无规则，须熟记）小学阶段要记住以下动词的原形和过去式：</div><div><br></div><div>sing - sang , eat - ate , see - saw , have - had , do - did , go - went , take - took , buy - bought , get - got , read - read , fly - flew , am/is - was , are - were , say - said , leave - left , swim - swam , tell - told , draw - drew , come - came , lose - lost , find - found , drink - drank , hurt - hurt , feel - felt</div><div><br></div><div><br></div><div><strong>☆注意☆句子的形式：</strong></div><div><br></div><div>1、 肯定句：是指用肯定的语气来陈述的句子，如：</div><div><br></div><div>I’m a student. She is a doctor. He works in a hospital.</div><div><br></div><div>There are four fans in our classroom.</div><div><br></div><div>I‘m going to buy a comic book tonight. He will eat lunch at 12:00.</div><div><br></div><div>I’m reading a book. They are swimming.</div><div><br></div><div>I watched TV yesterday evening.</div><div><br></div><div>2、 否定句：含有否定词或表示否定意义词的句子，如：</div><div><br></div><div>I‘m not a student. She is not (isn’t) a doctor.</div><div><br></div><div>He does not (doesn‘t) work in a hospital.</div><div><br></div><div>There are not four fans in our classroom.</div><div><br></div><div>I’m not going to buy a comic book tonight.</div><div><br></div><div>He will not (won‘t) eat lunch at 12:00.</div><div><br></div><div>I’m not reading a book. They are not (aren‘t) swimming.</div><div><br></div><div>I did not (didn’t) watch TV yesterday evening.</div><div><br></div><div><br></div><div><strong>☆注意☆ 小结：否定句主要是在肯定句的基础上加上了否定词 “not”。</strong></div><div><br></div><div>有动词be的句子则“not”加在be后面，可缩写成“isn‘t，aren’t”，但am not 一般都分开写。没有动词be的句子则要先在主要动词的前面加上一个助动词（do，does，did），然后在它后面加上“not”，你也可以把它们缩写在一起如“don‘t , doesn’t , didn‘t ）。这三个助动词要根据人称和时态来选择，其中”does“只用于一般现在时主语是第三人称单数的情况，而”did“只用于一般过去时，不论主语是什么人称和数，都用”did“ 。</div><div><br></div><div>3、一般疑问句：是指询问事实的句子，此类句子必须用”yes“，或”no“来回答。如：Are you a student? Yes, I am / No, I’m not.</div><div><br></div><div>Is she a doctor? Yes, she is. / No, she isn‘t.</div><div><br></div><div>Does he work in a hospital? Yes, he does. / No, he doesn’t.</div><div><br></div><div>Are there four fans in our classroom? Yes, there are. / No, there aren‘t.</div><div><br></div><div>Are you going to buy a comic book tonight?</div><div><br></div><div>Yes, I am. / No, I am not. (Yes, we are. / No, we aren’t.)</div><div><br></div><div>Will he eat lunch at 12:00? Yes, I will. / No, I will not(won‘t).</div><div><br></div><div>Are you reading a book? Yes, I am. / No, I am not.</div><div><br></div><div>Are they swimming? Yes, they are. / No, they aren’t.</div><div><br></div><div>Did you watch TV yesterday evening? Yes, I did. / No, I didn‘t.</div><div><br></div><div><br></div><div><strong>☆注意☆ 小结：一般疑问句是在肯定句的基础上，</strong></div><div><br></div><div>①把动词be调到首位，其他照写，末尾标点符号变成问号即可。</div><div><br></div><div>②没有动词be的句子则要在句首加上一个助动词（do，does，did）再把紧跟在后面的动词变回原形，末尾标点符号变成问号即可。</div><div><br></div><div>这三个助动词也要根据人称和时态来选择，其中”does“只用于一般现在时主语是第三人称单数的情况，而”did“只用于一般过去时，不论主语是什么人称和数，都用”did“ 。一般疑问句有个重要的原则就是问和答要一致，即问句里的第一个单词（助动词）和简略答句里的这个词是一致的。</div><div><br></div><div>4、特殊疑问句：以特殊疑问词（what , where , who , which , when , whose , why , how等）开头引导的句子。此类句子应该问什么就答什么，不能用”yes 、no“来回答。如：</div><div><br></div><div>What is this? It’s a computer.</div><div><br></div><div>What does he do? He‘s a doctor.</div><div><br></div><div>Where are you going? I’m going to Beijing.</div><div><br></div><div>Who played football with you yesterday afternoon? Mike.</div><div><br></div><div>Which season do you like best? Summer.</div><div><br></div><div>When do you usually get up? I usually get up at 6:30.</div><div><br></div><div>Whose skirt is this? It‘s Amy’s.</div><div><br></div><div>Why do you like spring best? Because I can plant trees.</div><div><br></div><div>How are you? I‘m fine. / I’m happy.</div><div><br></div><div>How did you go to Xinjiang? I went to Xinjiang by train.</div><div><br></div><div><br></div><div>☆其中how又可以和其他一些形容词连用组成特殊疑问词组用来提问，如： how many（多少(数量)）, how much（多少(钱)）, how tall（多高）, how long（多长）, how big（多大）, how heavy（多重）</div><div><br></div><div>例句：How many pencils do you have? I have three pencils.</div><div><br></div><div>How many girls can you see? I can see four girls.</div><div><br></div><div>How many desks are there in your classroom? There are 51.</div><div><br></div><div>☆小结：how many 用来提问可数名词的数量，主要有以上三种句式搭配，</div><div><br></div><div>How many + 名词复数 + do you have? 你有多少......？</div><div><br></div><div>How many + 名词复数 + can you see? 你能看见多少......？</div><div><br></div><div>How many + 名词复数 + are there...? 有多少......？</div><div><br></div><div><br></div><div><strong>练习：</strong></div><div><strong><br></strong></div><div><strong>在横线上填上适当的单词</strong></div><div><br></div><div>1. What your mother do?</div><div><br></div><div>She is teacher.</div><div><br></div><div>2. does she work?</div><div><br></div><div>She in a school.</div><div><br></div><div>3. What‘s hobby?</div><div><br></div><div>She likes shopping. Last weekend</div><div><br></div><div>she shopping with me.</div><div><br></div><div>4. Today is Monday.</div><div><br></div><div>Yesterday Sunday.</div><div><br></div><div>5. What you do yesterday?</div><div><br></div><div>I helped my mother housework.</div><div><br></div><div>6. you have a cold last week?</div><div><br></div><div>Yes, I did.</div><div><br></div><div>7. you feel better now?</div><div><br></div><div>Yes, thank you.</div><div><br></div><div>8. Mike: How you, Amy? You look so happy.</div><div><br></div><div>Amy: Yes. I excited. I am going on a big trip.</div><div><br></div><div>How you? You look happy too.</div><div><br></div><div>Mike: Yes. My father going buy me a new bike.</div><div><br></div><div>9. What you do yesterday?</div><div><br></div><div>It windy. I kites in the park.</div><div><br></div><div>10. What you do in summer?</div><div><br></div><div>I often swimming.</div><div><br></div><div>11. What does your father ?</div><div><br></div><div>He a nurse.</div><div><br></div><div>he work in a hospital?</div><div><br></div><div>Yes, he in a big hospital in our city.</div><div><br></div><div>12. Amy didn’t to school yesterday.</div><div><br></div><div>She had a headache.</div><div><br></div><div>13. does John go to school?</div><div><br></div><div>He usually to school by bike.</div><div><br></div><div>14. he go to school by bike this morning?</div><div><br></div><div>No, he didn‘t. He to school on foot.</div><div><br></div><div>15. What did you for breakfast this morning?</div><div><br></div><div>I had bread and milk.</div><div><br></div><div>16. did you go on your holiday?</div><div><br></div><div>I went to Hong Kong.</div><div><br></div><div>17. did you do there?I went shopping.</div><div><br></div><div><br></div><div><strong>一、补充句子。</strong></div><div><br></div><div>1、I often TV in the evening.</div><div><br></div><div>But yesterday evening I computer games.</div><div><br></div><div>2、John often football on Sundays.</div><div><br></div><div>But last Sunday he his grandparents.</div><div><br></div><div>3、 you usually go to school by bike?</div><div><br></div><div>Yes, but yesterday I to school on foot.</div><div><br></div><div>4、 your father go to work by car?</div><div><br></div><div>Yes, he does. But yesterday he to work by bus.</div><div><br></div><div>5、What you do on the weekends?</div><div><br></div><div>I often hiking.</div><div><br></div><div>. you go hiking last weekend?</div><div><br></div><div>Yes, I went hiking with my parents last Sunday.</div><div><br></div><div>6、What Amy usually do in the evening?</div><div><br></div><div>She usually books.</div><div><br></div><div>. she read a book yesterday evening?</div><div><br></div><div>No, she didn’t. She her homework.</div><div><br></div><div><br></div><div><strong>二、根据文答句写出问句。</strong></div><div><br></div><div>1、 ？</div><div><br></div><div>I did my homework yesterday.</div><div><br></div><div>2、 ？</div><div><br></div><div>We usually play basketball on the weekends.</div><div><br></div><div>3、 ？</div><div><br></div><div>No, I didn‘t watch TV. I listened to music.</div><div><br></div><div>4、？</div><div><br></div><div>I have a headache.</div><div><br></div><div>5、？</div><div><br></div><div>John is 160cm tall.</div><div><br></div>