2016-2017学年小学五年级数学上册《期中检测》试卷及答案详解

<div style="text-align: center;"><strong><font color="#ff0000">2016-2017学年上学期小学五年级期中检测卷</font></strong></div><br><div style="text-align: center;">班级: &nbsp; &nbsp;姓名: &nbsp; &nbsp;满分:100分 &nbsp;&nbsp;考试时间:90分钟</div><div><br> <table width="100%" border="1"><tbody><tr><td><br><strong>题序</strong><strong></strong><br></td><td><br>第一题<br></td><td><br>第二题<br></td><td><br>第三题<br></td><td><br>第四题<br></td><td><br>第五题<br></td><td><br>第六题<br></td><td><br>第七题<strong></strong><br></td><td><br>总分<br></td></tr><tr><td><br><strong>得分</strong><strong></strong><br></td><td><br>&nbsp;<br></td><td><br>&nbsp;<br></td><td><br>&nbsp;<br></td><td><br>&nbsp;<br></td><td><br>&nbsp;<br></td><td><br>&nbsp;<br></td><td><br>&nbsp;<br></td><td><br>&nbsp;<br></td></tr></tbody></table> <br><strong><span>一、填空题。</span><span>(</span><span>11</span><span>分</span><span>)</span></strong><br><br><span>1.4.45×2.3</span><span>的积有</span><span>(</span><span>  </span><span>)</span><span>位小数。</span><br><br><span>2.368÷8.8</span><span>的商保留两位小数是</span><span>(</span><span>  </span><span>)</span><span>。</span><br><br><span>3.</span><em><span>x</span></em><span>与</span><em><span>y</span></em><span>的和的</span><span>3</span><span>倍</span><span>,</span><span>用含有字母的式子表示为</span><span>(</span><span>    </span><span>)</span><span>。</span><br><br><span>4.</span><span>当</span><em><span>x=</span></em><span>(</span><em><span>  </span></em><span>)</span><span>时</span><span>,</span><span>4</span><em><span>x-</span></em><span>18</span><span>的值等于</span><span>0</span><span>。</span><br><br><span>5.</span><span>正方形有</span><span>(</span><span>  </span><span>)</span><span>条对称轴</span><span>,</span><span>平行四边形有</span><span>(</span><span>  </span><span>)</span><span>条对称轴</span><span>,</span><span>等边三角形有</span><span>(</span><span>  </span><span>)</span><span>条对称轴。</span><br><br><span>6.</span><span>排风扇叶片的转动属于</span><span>(</span><span>  </span><span>)</span><span>现象</span><span>,</span><span>行进中的滑雪板的运动属于</span><span>(</span><span>  </span><span>)</span><span>现象。</span><br><br><span>7.</span><span>一个三位小数“四舍五入”后是</span><span>3.20</span><span>,</span><span>这个三位小数最大是</span><span>(</span><span>  </span><span>),</span><span>最小是</span><span>(</span><span>  </span><span>)</span><span>。</span><br><br><strong><span>二、判断题。</span><span>(</span><span>对的画“√</span><span>”</span><span>,</span><span>错的画“</span><span>&#10005;</span><span>”</span><span>)</span><span>(</span><span>6</span><span>分</span><span>)</span></strong><br><br><span>1.5.33333</span><span>是循环小数。</span><span></span><span>(</span><span>  </span><span>)</span><span>&nbsp;</span><br><br><span>2.2.2÷0.7</span><span>的商是</span><span>3</span><span>,</span><span>余数是</span><span>1</span><span>。</span><span></span><span>(</span><span>  </span><span>)</span><br><br><span>3.</span><span>近似数</span><span>5.2</span><span>与</span><span>5.20</span><span>的大小相等</span><span>,</span><span>精确度也相同。</span><span></span><span>(</span><span>  </span><span>)</span><br><br><span>4.</span><span>循环小数都是无限小数</span><span>,</span><span>无限小数也都是循环小数。</span><span></span><span>(</span><span>  </span><span>)</span><br><br><span>5.</span><span>含有未知数的式子都是方程。</span><span></span><span>(</span><span>  </span><span>)</span><span>&nbsp;</span><br><br><span>6.</span><span>图形在旋转和平移时形状和大小都不发生变化。</span><span></span><span>(</span><span>  </span><span>)</span><br><strong><br><span>三、选择题。</span><span>(</span><span>把正确答案的序号填在括号里</span><span>)</span><span>(</span><span>4</span><span>分</span><span>)</span></strong><br><br><span>1.</span><em><span>a÷b</span></em><span>(</span><em><span>a</span></em><span>、</span><em><span>b</span></em><span>都不等于</span><span>0</span><span>)</span><span>的商大于</span><span>1</span><span>,</span><span>则</span><em><span>a</span></em><span>和</span><em><span>b</span></em><span>比较</span><span>,</span><em><span>a</span></em><span>(</span><em><span>  </span></em><span>)</span><em><span>b</span></em><span>。</span><br><br><span>A.</span><span>大于</span><span>     B.</span><span>小于 &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</span><span>C.</span><span>等于 &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</span><span></span><span>D.</span><span>无法比较</span><br><br><span>2.</span><span>下列形状中对称轴最多的是</span><span>(</span><span>  </span><span>)</span><span>。</span><br><br><span>A.</span><span>等边三角形</span><span></span><span>&nbsp;&nbsp;</span><span>B.</span><span>等腰梯形 &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</span><span>C.</span><span>正方形</span><span></span><span>&nbsp;&nbsp;</span><span>D.</span><span>长方形</span><br><br><span>3.</span><span>在</span><em><span>a÷b=c</span></em><span>(</span><em><span>a</span></em><span>、</span><em><span>b</span></em><span>都不等于</span><span>0</span><span>)</span><span>中</span><span>,</span><em><span>b</span></em><span>不变</span><span>,</span><em><span>a</span></em><span>扩大到原来的</span><span>10</span><span>倍</span><span>,</span><em><span>c</span></em><span>(</span><em><span>  </span></em><span>)</span><span>。</span><br><br><span>A.</span><span>不变 &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</span><span>B.</span><span>缩小到原来的1/10</span><br><br><span>C.</span><span>扩大到原来的</span><span>10</span><span>倍 &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</span><span>D.</span><span>无法确定</span><br><br><span>4.</span><span>对</span><span>5.2×101-5.2</span><span>进行简算</span><span>,</span><span>应逆用</span><span>(</span><span>  </span><span>)</span><span>。</span><br><br><span>A.</span><span>乘法结合律</span><span></span><span>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</span><span>B.</span><span>乘法分配律</span><br><br><span>C.</span><span>乘法交换律</span><span></span><span>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</span><span>D.</span><span>加法结合律</span><br><br><strong><span>四、在</span><span>○</span><span>里填上“</span><span>&gt;</span><span>”“</span><span>&lt;</span><span>”或“</span><span>=</span><span>”。</span><span>(</span><span>6</span><span>分</span><span>)</span></strong><br><br><span>21.5×0.89</span><span>○</span><span>21.5</span><span>   &nbsp;&nbsp;</span><span>54.5÷1.6</span><span>○</span><span>54.5</span><br><br><span>5.2÷0.2</span><span>○</span><span>5.2</span><span></span><span>&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;</span><span>5.4÷1</span><span>○</span><span>5.4×1</span><br><br><span>4.6×15</span><span>○</span><span>46×1.5</span><span>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</span><span>&nbsp; </span><span>2.1×0.9</span><span>○</span><span>0.9</span><br><br><strong><span>五、计算题。</span><span>(</span><span>38</span><span>分</span><span>)</span></strong><br><br><span>1.</span><span>直接写得数。</span><span>(</span><span>10</span><span>分</span><span>)</span><br><br><span>0.5×20=   </span><span>4.2÷0.07=</span><span>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</span><span>0.6×0.9=&nbsp;</span></div><div><br></div><div>2÷8= &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;4.6÷0.01=&nbsp;&nbsp;0.56÷0.8=</div><div><br></div><div>1.6×0.5=&nbsp; &nbsp;1÷0.02=&nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp;0.7×21=&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;0÷5.88=</div><div><br><span>2.</span><span>用竖式计算。</span><span>(</span><span>得数保留两位小数</span><span>)(</span><span>8</span><span>分</span><span>)</span><br><br><span>3.8×4.08</span><span>≈</span><span>  </span><span>&nbsp;&nbsp;</span><span>5.79÷3.6</span><span>≈</span><span>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</span><span>4.026÷3.4</span><span>≈ &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</span><span>62÷29</span><span>≈</span><br><br><br><span>3.</span><span>解方程。</span><span>(</span><span>8</span><span>分</span><span>)</span><br><br><em><span>x-</span></em><span>5</span><em><span>.</span></em><span>5</span><em><span>=</span></em><span>7</span><em><span>.</span></em><span>6</span><em><span>  </span></em><em><span>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</span></em><em><span> </span></em><span>5</span><em><span>x-</span></em><span>3</span><em><span>.</span></em><span>2</span><em><span>x=</span></em><span>3</span><em><span>.</span></em><span>24</span><br><br><br><span>8</span><em><span>x=</span></em><span>76</span><em><span>.</span></em><span>8</span><span>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</span><span></span><span>4</span><em><span>.</span></em><span>5</span><em><span>x+</span></em><span>10</span><em><span>.</span></em><span>5</span><em><span>=</span></em><span>11</span><em><span>.</span></em><span>85</span></div><div><br><br><span>4</span><em><span>.</span></em><span>能简算的要简算。</span><span>(</span><span>12</span><span>分</span><span>)</span><br><br><span>1</span><em><span>.</span></em><span>58</span><em><span>×</span></em><span>99</span><em><span>+</span></em><span>1</span><em><span>.</span></em><span>58</span><span>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</span><span>6</span><em><span>.</span></em><span>4</span><em><span>×</span></em><span>4</span><em><span>.</span></em><span>5</span><em><span>+</span></em><span>3</span><em><span>.</span></em><span>6</span><em><span>×</span></em><span>4</span><em><span>.</span></em><span>5</span><span>&nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp;</span><span>(</span><span>6</span><em><span>.</span></em><span>9</span><em><span>+</span></em><span>6</span><em><span>.</span></em><span>9</span><em><span>+</span></em><span>6</span><em><span>.</span></em><span>9</span><em><span>+</span></em><span>6</span><em><span>.</span></em><span>9</span><span>)</span><em><span>×</span></em><span>0</span><em><span>.</span></em><span>25</span><br><br><br><strong><span>六、操作题。</span><span>(</span><span>5</span><span>分</span><span>)</span></strong><br><br><span>1.</span><span>将图形</span><span>①</span><span>向上平移</span><span>3</span><span>格得到图形</span><span>②</span><span>。</span><br><br><span>2.</span><span>将图形</span><span>②</span><span>以直线</span><em><span>l</span></em><span>为对称轴</span><span>,</span><span>作轴对称图形得到图形</span><span>③</span><span>。</span><br><br><img src="//www.szxuexiao.com/uploadimages/2016/1026/2016102614439.png?m=0.1891841586211671"><br><br><strong><span>七、解决问题。</span><span>(</span><span>30</span><span>分</span><span>)</span></strong><br><br><span>1.</span><span>王叔叔骑自行车从甲地到乙地</span><span>,</span><span>每小时行</span><span>12</span><span>千米</span><span>,</span><span>需要</span><span>2.5</span><span>小时</span><span>,</span><span>回来时每小时多行</span><span>3</span><span>千米</span><span>,</span><span>需要几小时</span><span>?(</span><span>5</span><span>分</span><span>)</span><br><br><span>2.</span><span>张老师买了</span><span>6</span><span>盒画笔和</span><span>5</span><span>支钢笔</span><span>,</span><span>钢笔每支</span><span>8.8</span><span>元</span><span>,</span><span>画笔每盒</span><span>12.5</span><span>元</span><span>,</span><span>买这些物品一共花了多少元</span><span>?(</span><span>5</span><span>分</span><span>)</span><br><br><span>3.</span><span>每个油桶最多能装</span><span>4.8</span><span>千克的花生油</span><span>,</span><span>现有</span><span>200</span><span>千克花生油</span><span>,</span><span>大约需要多少个油桶</span><span>?&nbsp;</span><span>(</span><span>5</span><span>分</span><span>)</span><br><br><span>4.</span><span>两辆汽车同时从相距</span><span>640.8</span><span>千米的两城相对开出</span><span>,</span><span>4.8</span><span>小时后两车相遇</span><span>,</span><span>一辆车每小时行</span><span>73.5</span><span>千米</span><span>,</span><span>另一辆车每小时行多少千米</span><span>?(</span><span>用方程解答</span><span>)(</span><span>5</span><span>分</span><span>)</span><br><br><br><span>5.</span><span>五年级二班有</span><span>44</span><span>人</span><span>,</span><span>其中男生人数是女生的</span><span>1.2</span><span>倍</span><span>,</span><span>这个班男、女生各有多少人</span><span>?</span><span>(</span><span>用方程解答</span><span>)(</span><span>5</span><span>分</span><span>)</span><span>&nbsp;</span><br><br><span>6.</span><span>铺一条长为</span><span>8.45</span><span>千米的路</span><span>,</span><span>甲铺路队每天可铺</span><span>1.15</span><span>千米</span><span>,</span><span>工作了</span><span>4</span><span>天</span><span>,</span><span>其余的由乙铺路队用</span><span>3.5</span><span>天铺完</span><span>,</span><span>乙铺路队平均每天铺路多少千米</span><span>?(</span><span>5</span><span>分</span><span>)</span><br><br><br><div style="text-align: center;"><font color="#38761d"><strong>2016-2017学年上学期五年级期中检测卷</strong><strong>参考答案</strong></font></div><br><span>一、</span><span>1</span><em><span>.</span></em><span>&nbsp;三</span><br><br><span>2</span><em><span>.</span></em><span>&nbsp;</span><span>41</span><em><span>.</span></em><span>82</span><br><br><span>3</span><em><span>.</span></em><span>&nbsp;</span><span>3</span><span>(</span><em><span>x+y</span></em><span>)</span><br><br><span>4</span><em><span>.</span></em><span>&nbsp;</span><span>4</span><em><span>.</span></em><span>5</span><br><br><span>5</span><em><span>.</span></em><span>&nbsp;</span><span>4</span><em><span> </span></em><span>0</span><em><span> </span></em><span>3</span><br><br><span>6</span><em><span>.</span></em><span>&nbsp;旋转</span><em><span> </span></em><span>平移</span><br><br><span>7</span><em><span>.</span></em><span>&nbsp;</span><span>3</span><em><span>.</span></em><span>204</span><em><span> </span></em><span>3</span><em><span>.</span></em><span>195</span><br><br><span>二、</span><span>1</span><em><span>.</span></em><span>&nbsp;</span><span>&#10005;</span><em><span> </span></em><span>2</span><em><span>.</span></em><span>&nbsp;</span><span>&#10005;</span><em><span> </span></em><span>3</span><em><span>.</span></em><span>&nbsp;</span><span>&#10005;</span><em><span> </span></em><span>4</span><em><span>.</span></em><span>&nbsp;</span><span>&#10005;</span><em><span> </span></em><span>5</span><em><span>.</span></em><span>&nbsp;</span><span>&#10005;</span><em><span> </span></em><span>6</span><em><span>.</span></em><span>&nbsp;√</span><br><br><span>三、</span><span>1</span><span>.</span><span>&nbsp;</span><span>A </span><span>2</span><span>.</span><span>&nbsp;</span><span>C </span><span>3</span><span>.</span><span>&nbsp;</span><span>C </span><span>4</span><span>.</span><span>&nbsp;</span><span>B</span><br><br><span>四、</span><span>&lt; &lt; &gt; = = &gt;</span><span>&nbsp;</span><br><br><span>五、</span><span>1</span><span>.</span><span>&nbsp;</span><span>10 60 0.54 0.25 460 0.7 0.8 50</span><br><br><span>14.7 0</span><br><br><span>2</span><span>.</span><span>&nbsp;</span><span>15.50 1.61 1.18 2.14</span><br><br><span>3</span><span>.</span><span>&nbsp;</span><em><span>x=</span></em><span>13</span><em><span>.</span></em><span>1</span><em><span> x=</span></em><span>1</span><em><span>.</span></em><span>8</span><em><span> x=</span></em><span>9</span><em><span>.</span></em><span>6</span><em><span> x=</span></em><span>0</span><em><span>.</span></em><span>3</span><br><br><span>4</span><em><span>.</span></em><span>&nbsp;</span><span>158</span><em><span> </span></em><span>45</span><em><span> </span></em><span>6</span><em><span>.</span></em><span>9</span><br><br><span>六、</span><span>如图</span><span>:</span><br><br><img src="//www.szxuexiao.com/uploadimages/2016/1026/2016102614633.jpg?m=0.861933110935498"><br><br><span>七、</span><span>1</span><em><span>.</span></em><span>&nbsp;</span><span>12</span><em><span>×</span></em><span>2</span><em><span>.</span></em><span>5</span><em><span>÷</span></em><span>(</span><span>12</span><em><span>+</span></em><span>3</span><span>)</span><em><span>=</span></em><span>2</span><span>(</span><span>时</span><span>)</span><br><br><span>2</span><em><span>.</span></em><span>&nbsp;</span><span>8</span><em><span>.</span></em><span>8</span><em><span>×</span></em><span>5</span><em><span>+</span></em><span>12</span><em><span>.</span></em><span>5</span><em><span>×</span></em><span>6</span><em><span>=</span></em><span>119</span><span>(</span><span>元</span><span>)</span><br><br><span>3</span><em><span>.</span></em><span>&nbsp;</span><span>200</span><em><span>÷</span></em><span>4</span><em><span>.</span></em><span>8</span><span>≈</span><span>42</span><span>(</span><span>个</span><span>)</span><br><br><span>4</span><em><span>.</span></em><span>&nbsp;解</span><span>:</span><span>设另一辆车每小时行</span><em><span>x</span></em><span>千米。</span><br><br><span>(</span><span>73</span><em><span>.</span></em><span>5</span><em><span>+x</span></em><span>)</span><em><span>×</span></em><span>4</span><em><span>.</span></em><span>8</span><em><span>=</span></em><span>640</span><em><span>.</span></em><span>8</span><br><br><span></span><em><span>x=</span></em><span>60</span><br><br><span>5</span><em><span>.</span></em><span>&nbsp;解</span><span>:</span><span>设女生有</span><em><span>x</span></em><span>人</span><span>,</span><span>那么男生有</span><span>1</span><em><span>.</span></em><span>2</span><em><span>x</span></em><span>人。</span><br><br><em><span>x+</span></em><span>1</span><em><span>.</span></em><span>2</span><em><span>x=</span></em><span>44</span><span>&nbsp;</span><br><br><span></span><em><span>x=</span></em><span>20</span><br><br><span>1</span><em><span>.</span></em><span>2</span><em><span>x=</span></em><span>24</span><br><br><span>女生有</span><span>20</span><span>人</span><span>,</span><span>男生有</span><span>24</span><span>人</span><br><br><span>6</span><span>.</span><span>&nbsp;</span><span>(</span><span>8.45-1.15×4</span><span>)</span><span>÷3.5=1.1</span><span>(</span><span>千米</span><span>)</span><br></div><div><span><br></span></div>