深圳市罗湖区2014-2015学年小学四年级科学上学期期末测试题及答案

<div style="text-align: center;"><strong><font color="#ff0000">2014-2015学年第一学期深圳市罗湖区小学科学四年级期末测试试题</font></strong></div><br><div style="text-align: center;">(满分:100分&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;考试时间:40分钟)</div><div style="text-align: center;"><br></div><span style=" mso-font-kerning:; "><div style="text-align: center;">命题人:叶萌&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;审题人:周湘</div></span><br><span style=" mso-font-kerning:; "><strong>一、选择题(本题共15小题,每题2分,共30分)</strong></span><span style=" mso-font-kerning:; "></span><br><br><span style=" mso-font-kerning:; ">1、&nbsp;下列图形表示阴天的是(&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;)。</span><span style=" mso-font-kerning:; "></span><br><br><img src="//www.szxuexiao.com/uploadimages/2015/0128/2015128183456.png?m=0.025763327488675714"><br><br><span style=" mso-font-kerning:; ">2、&nbsp;高于层云,能形成雷阵雨,看上去像棉花堆一样的云叫做(&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;)</span><span style=" mso-font-kerning:; "></span><br><br><span style=" mso-font-kerning:; ">A、&nbsp;层云 &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;B、&nbsp;卷云 &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;C、&nbsp;积云</span><span style=" mso-font-kerning:; "></span><br><br><span style=" mso-font-kerning:; ">3、气象观测站记录风向是按照几个方位来记录的?(&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;)。</span><span style=" mso-font-kerning:; "></span><br><br><span style=" mso-font-kerning:; ">A、4 &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;B、&nbsp;8 &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;C、&nbsp;12</span><span style=" mso-font-kerning:; "></span><br><br><span style=" mso-font-kerning:; ">4、&nbsp;以下哪一个符号是不需要深圳全市中小学及幼儿园停课的?(&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;)</span><span style=" mso-font-kerning:; "></span><br><br><img src="//www.szxuexiao.com/uploadimages/2015/0128/201512818363.png?m=0.09359385655261576"><br><br><span style=" mso-font-kerning:; ">5、我们在实验中发现,将高锰酸钾加入水中,搅拌后它会分布在水的(&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;)。</span><span style=" mso-font-kerning:; "></span><br><br><span style=" mso-font-kerning:; ">A</span><span style=" mso-font-kerning:; ">、各个地方&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</span><span style=" mso-font-kerning:; ">B</span><span style=" mso-font-kerning:; ">、上部 &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp;</span><span style=" mso-font-kerning:; ">C</span><span style=" mso-font-kerning:; ">、下部</span><span style=" mso-font-kerning:; "></span><br><br><span style=" mso-font-kerning:; ">6、在食用油和水的混合液体中,加入少量洗涤剂后(&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;)。</span><span style=" mso-font-kerning:; "></span><br><br><span style=" mso-font-kerning:; ">A、食用油被溶解 &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;B、食用油没有被溶解 &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;C、食用油沉入水底</span><span style=" mso-font-kerning:; "></span><br><br><span style=" mso-font-kerning:; ">7、酒精是容易挥发和燃烧的液体。做实验时,万一有洒出的酒精在灯外燃烧,我们应该(&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;)。</span><span style=" mso-font-kerning:; "></span><br><br><span style=" mso-font-kerning:; ">A</span><span style=" mso-font-kerning:; ">、用湿抹布或沙土扑灭</span><span style=" mso-font-kerning:; ">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</span><span style=" mso-font-kerning:; ">B、&nbsp;用一盆水扑灭</span><span style=" mso-font-kerning:; ">&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp;</span><span style=" mso-font-kerning:; ">C</span><span style=" mso-font-kerning:; ">、用书本扇灭&nbsp;</span><span style=" mso-font-kerning:; "></span><br><br><span style=" mso-font-kerning:; ">8、酒精灯熄火时,正确的方法是(&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;)。</span><span style=" mso-font-kerning:; "></span><br><br><span style=" mso-font-kerning:; ">A、</span><span style=" mso-font-kerning:; ">用嘴吹灭</span><span style=" mso-font-kerning:; ">&nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp;</span><span style=" mso-font-kerning:; ">B、</span><span style=" mso-font-kerning:; ">用灯帽盖灭</span><span style=" mso-font-kerning:; "></span><br><br><span style=" mso-font-kerning:; ">C、</span><span style=" mso-font-kerning:; ">用灯帽盖灭后,需掀开再重盖一次</span><span style=" mso-font-kerning:; "></span><br><br><span style=" mso-font-kerning:; ">9、在实验中抽掉玻璃钟罩内的空气使铃声慢慢变弱,证明了声音传播(&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;)。</span><span style=" mso-font-kerning:; "></span><br><br><span style=" mso-font-kerning:; ">A、需要空气 &nbsp; &nbsp;B、不需要空气 &nbsp; &nbsp;C、与空气无关</span><span style=" mso-font-kerning:; "></span><br><br><span style=" mso-font-kerning:; ">10、用筷子分别敲击三个杯子的杯口,下面哪个杯发出的声音最低(&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;)。</span><span style=" mso-font-kerning:; "></span><br><br><img src="//www.szxuexiao.com/uploadimages/2015/0128/2015128183737.png?m=0.6156839290633798"><br><br><span style=" mso-font-kerning:; ">11、雷声是由什么传到我们的耳朵里的?(&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;)。</span><span style=" mso-font-kerning:; "></span><br><br><span style=" mso-font-kerning:; ">A、地面 &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; B、空气 &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; C、&nbsp;风</span><span style=" mso-font-kerning:; "></span><br><br><span style=" mso-font-kerning:; ">12、下列说法不正确的是(&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;)。</span><span style=" mso-font-kerning:; "></span><br><br><span style=" mso-font-kerning:; ">A、在医院、餐厅以及同学发言时,我们应该保持安静</span><span style=" mso-font-kerning:; "></span><br><br><span style=" mso-font-kerning:; ">B、在医院、学校、住宅区附近禁止鸣笛属于在人耳处阻断噪声</span><span style=" mso-font-kerning:; "></span><br><br><span style=" mso-font-kerning:; ">C、如果周围的声音太大,我们可以捂住耳朵、张开嘴巴,或者戴上保护装置</span><span style=" mso-font-kerning:; "></span><br><br><span style=" mso-font-kerning:; ">13、我们一直嚼馒头,过了一会儿,觉得馒头很甜是因为(&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;)。</span><span style=" mso-font-kerning:; "></span><br><br><span style=" mso-font-kerning:; ">A、我们太饿了,出现了幻觉 &nbsp; &nbsp; B、馒头本来就甜</span><span style=" mso-font-kerning:; "></span><br><br><span style=" mso-font-kerning:; ">C、馒头中的淀粉在唾液的作用下,转化为甜的糖</span><span style=" mso-font-kerning:; "></span><br><br><span style=" mso-font-kerning:; ">14、使血液在全身循环流动的力量来自于(&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;)。</span><span style=" mso-font-kerning:; "></span><br><br><span style=" mso-font-kerning:; ">A、&nbsp;心脏的跳动 &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; B、&nbsp;呼吸 &nbsp; &nbsp; C、&nbsp;消化</span><span style=" mso-font-kerning:; "></span><br><br><span style=" mso-font-kerning:; ">15、消化食物和吸收养分最主要的器官是(&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;)。</span><span style=" mso-font-kerning:; "></span><br><br><span style=" mso-font-kerning:; ">A、胃 &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; B、小肠 &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;C、大肠&nbsp;&nbsp;</span><span style=" mso-font-kerning:; "></span><br><br><span style=" mso-font-kerning:; "><strong>二、判断题(本题共15小题,每题2分,共30分)</strong></span><span style=" mso-font-kerning:; "></span><br><br><span style=" mso-font-kerning:; ">(&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;)1、</span><span style=" mso-font-kerning:; ">从东南方向吹向西北方的风是东南风。</span><span style=" font-weight:bold; mso-font-kerning:; "></span><br><br><span style=" mso-font-kerning:; ">(&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;)2、我们做雨量器的杯子只要是透明的就可以了。</span><span style=" mso-font-kerning:; "></span><br><br><span style=" mso-font-kerning:; ">(&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;)3、在读温度时,我们的视线必须平着看气温计液柱液面。</span><span style=" font-weight:bold; mso-font-kerning:; "></span><br><br><span style=" mso-font-kerning:; ">(&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;)4、烧汤时,无论汤里放多少味精,都会被溶解。</span><span style=" font-weight:bold; mso-font-kerning:; "></span><br><br><span style=" mso-font-kerning:; ">(&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;)5、分离食盐和水的实验时,要等蒸发皿中的水干了再移开酒精灯。</span><span style=" font-weight:bold; mso-font-kerning:; "></span><br><br><span style=" mso-font-kerning:; ">(&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;)6、在相同条件下,不同物质在水中的溶解能力是有大有小的。</span><span style=" font-weight:bold; mso-font-kerning:; "></span><br><br><span style=" mso-font-kerning:; ">(&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;)7、两块肥皂同时放入装水的杯子中,放在热水中的一定溶解得快。</span><span style=" mso-font-kerning:; "></span><br><br><span style=" mso-font-kerning:; ">(&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;)8、超声波在生活中的应用非常广泛,例如船的声纳系统。</span><span style=" mso-font-kerning:; "></span><br><br><span style=" mso-font-kerning:; ">(&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;)9、被敲打后的音叉放在水里水花飞溅,是因为音叉在振动。</span><span style=" mso-font-kerning:; "></span><br><br><span style=" mso-font-kerning:; ">(&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;)10、声音可以向四面八方传播。</span><span style=" mso-font-kerning:; "></span><br><br><span style=" mso-font-kerning:; ">(&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;)11、耳朵可以长时间使用,所以也可以长时间使用耳塞听音乐。</span><span style=" mso-font-kerning:; "></span><br><br><span style=" mso-font-kerning:; ">(&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;)12、口腔对食物的初步消化,是由牙齿、舌头、唾液共同完成的。</span><span style=" mso-font-kerning:; "></span><br><br><span style=" mso-font-kerning:; ">(&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;)13、呼一次气和吸一次气才算一次呼吸。</span><span style=" mso-font-kerning:; "></span><br><br><span style=" mso-font-kerning:; ">(&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;)14、犬齿是用来撕裂食物的。</span><span style=" mso-font-kerning:; "></span><br><br><span style=" mso-font-kerning:; ">(&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;)15、经常参加体育锻炼能使人身体强健,有益于身体健康成长。</span><span style=" mso-font-kerning:; "></span><br><br><span style=" mso-font-kerning:; "><strong>三、实验题(共40分)</strong></span><span style=" mso-font-kerning:; "></span><br><br><strong><span style=" mso-font-kerning:; ">(一)</span><span style=" mso-font-kerning:; ">下表是小明所作的气温记录,请你帮助他完成气温数据整理和分析。</span></strong><span style=" mso-font-kerning:; "></span><br><br><div style="text-align: center;"><b style="font-style: italic;">一天的气温记录表</strong></div><div><em><br></em> <table width="100%" border="1"><tbody><tr><td><br>时间<br></td><td><br>6时<br></td><td><br>8时<br></td><td><br>10时<br></td><td><br>12时<br></td><td><br>14时<br></td><td><br>16时<br></td><td><br>18时<br></td></tr><tr><td><br>气温(℃)<br></td><td><br>10<br></td><td><br>16<br></td><td><br>18<br></td><td><br>22<br></td><td><br>25<br></td><td><br>21<br></td><td><br>17<br></td></tr></tbody></table> <br><span style=" z-index:1; left:0px; "></span><span style=" mso-font-kerning:; ">1、根据上表中数据画出这一天的气温折线统计图。(3分)</span><span style=" mso-font-kerning:; "></span><br><br><img src="//www.szxuexiao.com/uploadimages/2015/0128/2015128183952.png?m=0.06252257316373289"><br><br><span style=" mso-font-kerning:; ">2、从图上获得哪些信息?(至少写出三条)(6分)</span><span style=" mso-font-kerning:; "></span><br><br><span style=" mso-font-kerning:; ">(1)&nbsp;_______________________________________________________________&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</span><span style=" mso-font-kerning:; "></span><br><br><span style=" mso-font-kerning:; ">(2)&nbsp;_______________________________________________________________&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</span><span style=" mso-font-kerning:; "></span><br><br><span style=" mso-font-kerning:; ">(3)&nbsp;_______________________________________________________________&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</span><span style=" mso-font-kerning:; "></span><br><br><span style=" mso-font-kerning:; "><strong>(二)“100毫升水能溶解多少克食盐”的研究计划。(12分)</strong></span><span style=" mso-font-kerning:; "></span><br><br><span style=" mso-font-kerning:; ">1、我研究的问题:_____________________________________________________________________</span><span style=" mso-font-kerning:; "></span><br><br><span style=" mso-font-kerning:; ">2、所需要的实验材料:&nbsp;</span><span style=" mso-font-kerning:; "></span><br><br><span style=" mso-font-kerning:; ">水、食盐、_</span><span style=" text-decoration:underline; text-underline:single; mso-font-kerning:; ">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</span><span style=" mso-font-kerning:; ">_</span><span style=" mso-font-kerning:; "></span><br><br><span style=" mso-font-kerning:; ">3、我的实验步骤:(请给未标号的实验步骤排序)</span><span style=" mso-font-kerning:; "></span><br><br><span style=" mso-font-kerning:; ">(&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;)取一小份食盐,加入到盛水的杯中,用玻璃棒充分搅拌。</span><span style=" mso-font-kerning:; "></span><br><br><span style=" mso-font-kerning:; ">( &nbsp; 1 &nbsp;)先取大约40克食盐一份,再把它平均分为10小份。</span><span style=" mso-font-kerning:; "></span><br><br><span style=" mso-font-kerning:; ">(&nbsp;&nbsp;6 &nbsp;)食盐再溶解后,再加入第三小份食盐</span><span style=" mso-font-kerning:; ">…</span><span style=" mso-font-kerning:; ">直到食盐不能溶解为止,记录加入食盐的份数</span><span style=" mso-font-kerning:; "></span><br><br><span style=" mso-font-kerning:; ">(&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;)通过计算,得出总共溶解的食盐的量。</span><span style=" mso-font-kerning:; "></span><br><br><span style=" mso-font-kerning:; ">(&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;)食盐溶解后,再加入第二小份食盐继续搅拌。</span><span style=" mso-font-kerning:; "></span><br><br><span style=" mso-font-kerning:; ">(&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;)在烧杯里倒入100毫升冷水。</span><span style=" mso-font-kerning:; "></span><br><br><span style=" mso-font-kerning:; ">实验结果:100毫升水大约能溶解________克食盐。</span><br><br><span style=" mso-font-kerning:; ">(三)</span><span style="font-family: 宋体; ">请观察耳的结构图,填上各部分的名称。(5分)</span><span style="font-family: 宋体; "></span><br><br><img src="//www.szxuexiao.com/uploadimages/2015/0128/201512818414.png?m=0.1687616277486086"><br><br><span style="font-family: 宋体; "><strong>(四)下表是一般情况下人体吸进去的和呼出来的气体成分的比较,请根据该表的数据资料回答问题。(共14分)</strong></span></div><div><font face="宋体"><br></font> <table width="100%" border="1"><tbody><tr><td><br>气体<br></td><td><br>氮气<br></td><td><br>氧气<br></td><td><br>二氧化碳<br></td><td><br>其他气体<br></td></tr><tr><td><br>吸进人体的空气<br></td><td><br>78%<br></td><td><br>21%<br></td><td><br>0.03%<br></td><td><br>0.97%<br></td></tr><tr><td><br>呼出人体的空气<br></td><td><br>78%<br></td><td><br>16%<br></td><td><br>4%<br></td><td><br>2%<br></td></tr></tbody></table> <br><span style=" z-index:1; left:0px; "></span><span style="font-family: 宋体; ">1、如果小杰把三根相同的火柴分别放入如图所示的三</span><span style="font-family: 宋体; "></span><br><br><span style="font-family: 宋体; ">个瓶子中。根据上面表格的数据,请问是哪一个瓶子中</span><span style="font-family: 宋体; "></span><br><br><span style="font-family: 宋体; ">的火柴燃烧时间最长?为什么?</span><span style="font-family: 宋体; "></span><br><br><span style="font-family: 宋体; ">答:</span><span style="font-family: 宋体; text-decoration: underline; ">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</span><span style="font-family: 宋体; ">瓶。</span><span style="font-family: 宋体; "></span><br><br><span style="font-family: 宋体; ">因为</span><span style="font-family: 宋体; text-decoration: underline; ">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</span><span style="font-family: 宋体; ">。</span><span style="font-family: 宋体; "></span><br><br><span style="font-family: 宋体; ">2、根据小杰做的实验可知,人体排出的气体中,增多的是</span><span style="font-family: 宋体; text-decoration: underline; ">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</span><span style="font-family: 宋体; ">气体,减少的是</span><span style="font-family: 宋体; text-decoration: underline; ">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</span><span style="font-family: 宋体; ">气体。人的呼吸实际上是在进行着气体交换,使</span><span style="font-family: 宋体; text-decoration: underline; ">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</span><span style="font-family: 宋体; ">进入血液,同时排出</span><span style="font-family: 宋体; text-decoration: underline; ">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</span><span style="font-family: 宋体; ">。</span><span style="font-family: 宋体; "></span><br><br><span style="font-family: 宋体; ">3、空气中的氮气是人体需要的气体吗?</span><span style="font-family: 宋体; text-decoration: underline; ">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</span><span style="font-family: 宋体; "></span><br><br><br><div style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-weight: bold;"><font color="#38761d">答案及评分标准</font></span></div><br><span style=" mso-font-kerning:; "><strong>一、选择题(每题2分,共30分)</strong></span><span style=" mso-font-kerning:; "></span><br><br><span style=" mso-font-kerning:; ">1、C &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;2、C &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;3、B &nbsp; &nbsp; 4、C &nbsp; &nbsp;5、A</span><br><br><span style=" mso-font-kerning:; ">6、A &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;7、A &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;8、C &nbsp; &nbsp; 9、A &nbsp; &nbsp;10、A</span><br><br><span style=" mso-font-kerning:; ">11、B &nbsp; &nbsp; 12、B &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;13、C &nbsp; &nbsp;14、A &nbsp; &nbsp;15、C&nbsp;</span><span style=" mso-font-kerning:; "></span><br><br><span style=" mso-font-kerning:; "><strong>二、判断题(每题2分,共30分)</strong></span><span style=" mso-font-kerning:; "></span><br><br><span style=" mso-font-kerning:; ">1、√ &nbsp; &nbsp; 2、× &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;3、√ &nbsp; &nbsp; 4、× &nbsp; &nbsp;5、×</span><br><br><span style=" mso-font-kerning:; ">6、√ &nbsp; &nbsp; 7、× &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;8、√ &nbsp; &nbsp; 9、√ &nbsp; &nbsp;10、√</span><br><br><span style=" mso-font-kerning:; ">11、× &nbsp; &nbsp;12、√ &nbsp; &nbsp; 13、√ &nbsp; &nbsp; 14、√ &nbsp; 15、√</span><span style=" mso-font-kerning:; "></span><br><br><span style=" mso-font-kerning:; "><strong>三、实验题</strong></span><span style=" mso-font-kerning:; "></span><br><br><span style=" z-index:1; left:0px; "></span><span style=" mso-font-kerning:; "><strong>(一)(9分)</strong></span><span style=" mso-font-kerning:; "></span><br><br><span style=" mso-font-kerning:; ">1、(3分)</span><span style=" mso-font-kerning:; "></span><br><br><img src="//www.szxuexiao.com/uploadimages/2015/0128/2015128184450.png?m=0.6114759414922446"><br><br><span style=" mso-font-kerning:; ">2、</span><span style=" mso-font-kerning:; ">(1)这一天中最低温度出现在早上6时;</span><span style=" mso-font-kerning:; "></span><br><br><span style=" mso-font-kerning:; ">&nbsp;&nbsp;(2)这一天中最高气温出现在中午14时;</span><span style=" mso-font-kerning:; "></span><br><br><span style=" mso-font-kerning:; ">&nbsp;&nbsp;(3)气温在一天中的变化规律是从清晨到中午温度一直升高,到14时达到最高,随后温度不断下降。</span><span style=" mso-font-kerning:; ">(每点2分,回答合理即得分)</span><span style=" mso-font-kerning:; "></span><br><br><span style=" mso-font-kerning:; "><strong>(二)(共12分)</strong></span><span style=" mso-font-kerning:; "></span><br><br><span style=" mso-font-kerning:; ">1、100毫升水能溶解多少克食盐(2分)</span><span style=" mso-font-kerning:; "></span><br><br><span style=" mso-font-kerning:; ">2、烧杯、天平、药匙、玻璃棒(写对1个得1分,共4分)</span><span style=" mso-font-kerning:; "></span><br><br><span style=" mso-font-kerning:; ">3、我的实验步骤:(请给实验步骤排序)(4分)</span><span style=" mso-font-kerning:; "></span><br><br><span style=" mso-font-kerning:; ">(&nbsp;3&nbsp;&nbsp;)取一小份食盐,加入到盛水的杯中,用玻璃棒充分搅拌。</span><span style=" mso-font-kerning:; "></span><br><br><span style=" mso-font-kerning:; ">(&nbsp;1&nbsp;&nbsp;)先取大约40克食盐一份,再把它平均分为10小份。</span><span style=" mso-font-kerning:; "></span><br><br><span style=" mso-font-kerning:; ">(&nbsp;5&nbsp;&nbsp;)食盐再溶解后,再加入第三小份食盐</span><span style=" mso-font-kerning:; ">…</span><span style=" mso-font-kerning:; ">直到食盐不能溶解为止,记录加入食盐的份数</span><span style=" mso-font-kerning:; "></span><br><br><span style=" mso-font-kerning:; ">(&nbsp;6&nbsp;&nbsp;)通过计算,得出总共溶解的食盐的量。</span><span style=" mso-font-kerning:; "></span><br><br><span style=" mso-font-kerning:; ">(&nbsp;4&nbsp;&nbsp;)食盐溶解后,再加入第二小份食盐继续搅拌。</span><span style=" mso-font-kerning:; "></span><br><br><span style=" mso-font-kerning:; ">(&nbsp;2&nbsp;&nbsp;)在烧杯里倒入100毫升冷水。</span><span style=" mso-font-kerning:; "></span><br><br><span style=" mso-font-kerning:; ">实验结果:100毫升水大约能溶解___</span><span style=" text-decoration:underline; text-underline:single; mso-font-kerning:; ">35</span><span style=" mso-font-kerning:; ">__克食盐。(大致合理即得分,2分)</span><span style=" mso-font-kerning:; "></span><br><br><span style=" z-index:1; left:0px; "></span><span style=" z-index:1; left:0px; "></span><span style=" z-index:1; left:0px; "></span><span style=" z-index:1; left:0px; "></span><span style=" z-index:1; left:0px; "></span><span style=" z-index:1; left:0px; "></span><span style=" mso-font-kerning:; "><strong>(三)(5分)</strong></span><span style=" mso-font-kerning:; "></span><br><br><img src="//www.szxuexiao.com/uploadimages/2015/0128/2015128184528.png?m=0.6101268855854869"><br><br><span style=" mso-font-kerning:; "><strong>(四)(每空2分,共14分)</strong></span><span style=" mso-font-kerning:; "></span><br><br><span style="font-family: 宋体; ">(1)A瓶。因为A瓶中含有新鲜的空气,里面的氧气最多(二氧化碳最少),支持火柴燃烧的时间最长。</span><span style="font-family: 宋体; "></span><br><br><span style="font-family: 宋体; ">(2)二氧化碳&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;氧气&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;氧气&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;二氧化碳。</span><span style="font-family: 宋体; "></span><br><br><span style="font-family: 宋体; ">(3)不是</span><span style=" mso-font-kerning:; "></span><br></div><div><span style="font-family: 宋体; "><br></span></div>