<div style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-weight: bold;"><font color="#ff0000">小升初暑期英语衔接学习2015.7.13</font></span></div><br><span style=" Calibri; Calibri; ">在7月13——7月31日15天时间内,我们主要通过梳理字母、语音、词汇、句型、时态等来复习故知,拓展新知,为同学们新旧知识之间搭起桥梁。课程安排如下:</span><span style=" font-family:Calibri; mso-fareast- "></span><br><br><span style=" Calibri; Calibri; ">第一周:字母、词汇(名词、冠词、代词、形容词与副词),穿插语音。</span><span style=" font-family:Calibri; mso-fareast- "></span><br><br><span style=" Calibri; Calibri; ">第二周:词汇(动词、介词、数词、连词)、句子成分,穿插语音。</span><span style=" font-family:Calibri; mso-fareast- "></span><br><br><span style=" Calibri; Calibri; ">第三周:句子类型、时态,总结语音。以7上unit 1 This is me!为例,教材讲解。</span><span style=" font-family:Calibri; mso-fareast- "></span><br><br><span style=" Calibri; Calibri; font-weight:bold; ">字母</span><span style=" font-family:Calibri; mso-fareast- font-weight:bold; "></span><br><br><span style=" Calibri; Calibri; font-weight:bold; ">一:</span><span style=" font-family:Calibri; mso-fareast- font-weight:bold; "></span><br><br><span style=" Arial; Calibri; ">1.</span><span style=" font-family:Arial; mso-fareast- Calibri; ">概述</span><span style=" font-family:Arial; mso-fareast- Calibri; "><br></span><span style=" font-family:Arial; mso-fareast- Calibri; "> 英语共有</span><span style=" Arial; Calibri; ">_____</span><span style=" font-family:Arial; mso-fareast- Calibri; ">一定的顺序排列在一起便组成字母表,英语中称之为</span><span style=" font-family:Arial; mso-fareast- Calibri; "></span><br><br><span style=" font-family:Arial; mso-fareast- Calibri; ">"Alphabet", 这26个字母可以组成千千万万个单词,英语字母是学习英语的基础</span><span style=" Arial; Calibri; ">。</span><span style=" font-family:Arial; mso-fareast- Calibri; "></span><br><br><span style=" Arial; Calibri; ">2.在26个英文字母中,元音字母:____________________________</span><span style=" font-family:Arial; mso-fareast- Calibri; "></span><br><br><span style=" Arial; Calibri; ">元音字母:Yy </span><span style=" font-family:Arial; mso-fareast- Calibri; "></span><br><br><span style=" Arial; Calibri; ">辅音字母:</span><span style=" font-family:Arial; mso-fareast- Calibri; "></span><br><br><span style=" Arial; Calibri; ">3. </span><span style=" font-family:Arial; mso-fareast- Calibri; ">英文字母及发音音标如下</span><span style=" Arial; Calibri; ">:</span><span style=" font-family:Arial; mso-fareast- Calibri; "></span><br><br><span style=" Arial; Calibri; font-weight:bold; ">/</span><span style=" font-family:Arial; mso-fareast- Calibri; font-weight:bold; ">ei</span><span style=" Arial; Calibri; font-weight:bold; ">/</span><span style=" Arial; Calibri; ">_____</span><span style=" Arial; Calibri; font-weight:bold; "> /bi:/</span><span style=" Arial; Calibri; "> _____</span><span style=" Arial; Calibri; font-weight:bold; "> /si:/</span><span style=" Arial; Calibri; "> _____</span><span style=" Arial; Calibri; font-weight:bold; "> /di:/</span><span style=" Arial; Calibri; "> _____</span><span style=" Arial; Calibri; font-weight:bold; "> /i:/ </span><span style=" Arial; Calibri; ">_____</span><span style=" Arial; Calibri; font-weight:bold; "> </span><span style=" font-family:Arial; mso-fareast- Calibri; font-weight:bold; "></span><br><br><span style=" Arial; Calibri; font-weight:bold; "> /ef/</span><span style=" Arial; Calibri; ">_____</span><span style=" Arial; Calibri; font-weight:bold; "> /d3i:/</span><span style=" Arial; Calibri; "> _____</span><span style=" Arial; Calibri; font-weight:bold; "> /</span><span style=" font-family:Arial; mso-fareast- Calibri; font-weight:bold; ">eit∫</span><span style=" Arial; Calibri; font-weight:bold; ">/</span><span style=" Arial; Calibri; ">_____</span><span style=" Arial; Calibri; font-weight:bold; "> /</span><span style=" font-family:Arial; mso-fareast- Calibri; font-weight:bold; ">ai</span><span style=" Arial; Calibri; font-weight:bold; "> / </span><span style=" Arial; Calibri; ">_____</span><span style=" Arial; Calibri; font-weight:bold; "> /</span><span style=" font-family:Arial; mso-fareast- Calibri; font-weight:bold; ">d3ei</span><span style=" Arial; Calibri; font-weight:bold; ">/</span><span style=" Arial; Calibri; ">_____</span><span style=" Arial; Calibri; font-weight:bold; "> </span><span style=" font-family:Arial; mso-fareast- Calibri; font-weight:bold; "></span><br><br><span style=" Arial; Calibri; font-weight:bold; "> /kei/ </span><span style=" Arial; Calibri; ">_____</span><span style=" Arial; Calibri; font-weight:bold; "> /el/ </span><span style=" Arial; Calibri; ">_____</span><span style=" Arial; Calibri; font-weight:bold; "> /em/</span><span style=" Arial; Calibri; ">_____</span><span style=" Arial; Calibri; font-weight:bold; "> /en/</span><span style=" Arial; Calibri; ">_____</span><span style=" Arial; Calibri; font-weight:bold; "> /</span><span style=" font-family:Arial; mso-fareast- Calibri; font-weight:bold; ">əu</span><span style=" Arial; Calibri; font-weight:bold; ">/ </span><span style=" Arial; Calibri; ">_____</span><span style=" Arial; Calibri; font-weight:bold; "> </span><span style=" font-family:Arial; mso-fareast- Calibri; font-weight:bold; "></span><br><br><span style=" Arial; Calibri; font-weight:bold; "> /pi:/ </span><span style=" Arial; Calibri; ">_____</span><span style=" Arial; Calibri; font-weight:bold; "> /kju:/</span><span style=" Arial; Calibri; "> _____</span><span style=" Arial; Calibri; font-weight:bold; "> /a:/</span><span style=" Arial; Calibri; "> _____</span><span style=" Arial; Calibri; font-weight:bold; "> /es/ </span><span style=" Arial; Calibri; ">_____</span><span style=" Arial; Calibri; font-weight:bold; "> /ti:/</span><span style=" Arial; Calibri; "> _____</span><span style=" Arial; Calibri; font-weight:bold; "> </span><span style=" font-family:Arial; mso-fareast- Calibri; font-weight:bold; "></span><br><br><span style=" Arial; Calibri; font-weight:bold; "> /ju:/ </span><span style=" Arial; Calibri; ">_____</span><span style=" Arial; Calibri; font-weight:bold; "> /vi:/ </span><span style=" Arial; Calibri; ">_____</span><span style=" Arial; Calibri; font-weight:bold; "> /</span><span style=" font-family:Arial; mso-fareast- Calibri; font-weight:bold; ">′d∧blju:</span><span style=" Arial; Calibri; font-weight:bold; ">/ </span><span style=" Arial; Calibri; ">_____</span><span style=" Arial; Calibri; font-weight:bold; "> /eks/</span><span style=" Arial; Calibri; ">_____</span><span style=" Arial; Calibri; font-weight:bold; "> </span><span style=" font-family:Arial; mso-fareast- Calibri; font-weight:bold; "></span><br><br><span style=" Arial; Calibri; font-weight:bold; ">/wai/</span><span style=" Arial; Calibri; ">_____</span><span style=" Arial; Calibri; font-weight:bold; "> /zed/</span><span style=" Arial; Calibri; ">_____</span><span style=" Arial; Calibri; font-weight:bold; "> /zi:/</span><span style=" Arial; Calibri; "> _____</span><span style=" font-family:Arial; mso-fareast- Calibri; "></span><br><br><span style=" Arial; Calibri; ">4.</span><span style=" font-family:Arial; mso-fareast- Calibri; ">上我们可以看出,英语字母中有一些含有共同的元音音素</span><span style=" Arial; Calibri; ">(</span><span style="font-family: 宋体; letter-spacing: -; background: rgb(255, 255, 255);">发音时声带振动,呼出的气流通过口腔时不受阻碍,这样形成的语音称为元音</span><span style=" Arial; Calibri; ">)</span><span style=" font-family:Arial; mso-fareast- Calibri; "></span><br><br><span style=" font-family:Arial; mso-fareast- Calibri; font-weight:bold; text-decoration:underline; text-underline:single; ">1)含元音音素[ei]</span><span style=" font-family:Arial; mso-fareast- Calibri; font-weight:bold; "><br></span><span style=" font-family:Arial; mso-fareast- Calibri; font-weight:bold; "><br></span><div><span style=" font-family:Arial; mso-fareast- Calibri; font-weight:bold; "> 字母: Aa Hh Jj Kk</span><span style=" font-family:Arial; mso-fareast- Calibri; font-weight:bold; "><br></span><span style=" font-family:Arial; mso-fareast- Calibri; font-weight:bold; "> 音标: </span><span style=" Arial; Calibri; font-weight:bold; ">/</span><span style=" font-family:Arial; mso-fareast- Calibri; font-weight:bold; ">ei</span><span style=" Arial; Calibri; font-weight:bold; ">/</span><span style=" font-family:Arial; mso-fareast- Calibri; font-weight:bold; "> </span><span style=" Arial; Calibri; font-weight:bold; "> </span><span style=" font-family:Arial; mso-fareast- Calibri; font-weight:bold; "> </span><span style=" Arial; Calibri; font-weight:bold; ">/</span><span style=" font-family:Arial; mso-fareast- Calibri; font-weight:bold; ">eit∫</span><span style=" Arial; Calibri; font-weight:bold; ">/</span><span style=" font-family:Arial; mso-fareast- Calibri; font-weight:bold; "> </span><span style=" Arial; Calibri; font-weight:bold; "> </span><span style=" font-family:Arial; mso-fareast- Calibri; font-weight:bold; "> </span><span style=" Arial; Calibri; font-weight:bold; ">/</span><span style=" font-family:Arial; mso-fareast- Calibri; font-weight:bold; ">d3ei</span><span style=" Arial; Calibri; font-weight:bold; ">/</span><span style=" font-family:Arial; mso-fareast- Calibri; font-weight:bold; "> </span><span style=" Arial; Calibri; font-weight:bold; "> </span><span style=" font-family:Arial; mso-fareast- Calibri; font-weight:bold; "> </span><span style=" Arial; Calibri; font-weight:bold; ">/</span><span style=" font-family:Arial; mso-fareast- Calibri; font-weight:bold; ">kei</span><span style=" Arial; Calibri; font-weight:bold; ">/</span><span style=" font-family:Arial; mso-fareast- Calibri; font-weight:bold; "></span><br><br><span style=" font-family:Arial; mso-fareast- Calibri; font-weight:bold; text-decoration:underline; text-underline:single; ">2) 含元音音素[i:]</span><span style=" font-family:Arial; mso-fareast- Calibri; font-weight:bold; "><br></span><span style=" font-family:Arial; mso-fareast- Calibri; font-weight:bold; "> </span><div><span style="font-family: Arial; font-weight: bold;"> 字母: Bb Cc Dd Ee Gg Pp Tt Vv</span><span style="font-weight: bold;"> Zz</span><br></div><div><span style=" font-family:Arial; mso-fareast- Calibri; font-weight:bold; "> 音标:</span><span style=" Arial; Calibri; font-weight:bold; "> </span><span style=" font-family:Arial; mso-fareast- Calibri; font-weight:bold; "> </span><span style=" Arial; Calibri; font-weight:bold; ">/</span><span style=" font-family:Arial; mso-fareast- Calibri; font-weight:bold; ">bi:</span><span style=" Arial; Calibri; font-weight:bold; ">/</span><span style=" font-family:Arial; mso-fareast- Calibri; font-weight:bold; "> </span><span style=" Arial; Calibri; font-weight:bold; "> </span><span style=" font-family:Arial; mso-fareast- Calibri; font-weight:bold; "> </span><span style=" Arial; Calibri; font-weight:bold; ">/</span><span style=" font-family:Arial; mso-fareast- Calibri; font-weight:bold; ">si:</span><span style=" Arial; Calibri; font-weight:bold; ">/</span><span style=" font-family:Arial; mso-fareast- Calibri; font-weight:bold; "> </span><span style=" Arial; Calibri; font-weight:bold; "> /</span><span style=" font-family:Arial; mso-fareast- Calibri; font-weight:bold; ">di:</span><span style=" Arial; Calibri; font-weight:bold; ">/</span><span style=" font-family:Arial; mso-fareast- Calibri; font-weight:bold; "> </span><span style=" Arial; Calibri; font-weight:bold; ">/</span><span style=" font-family:Arial; mso-fareast- Calibri; font-weight:bold; ">i:</span><span style=" Arial; Calibri; font-weight:bold; ">/</span><span style=" font-family:Arial; mso-fareast- Calibri; font-weight:bold; "> </span><span style=" Arial; Calibri; font-weight:bold; "> /</span><span style=" font-family:Arial; mso-fareast- Calibri; font-weight:bold; ">d3i:</span><span style=" Arial; Calibri; font-weight:bold; ">/</span><span style=" font-family:Arial; mso-fareast- Calibri; font-weight:bold; "> </span><span style=" Arial; Calibri; font-weight:bold; ">/</span><span style=" font-family:Arial; mso-fareast- Calibri; font-weight:bold; ">pi:</span><span style=" Arial; Calibri; font-weight:bold; ">/</span><span style=" font-family:Arial; mso-fareast- Calibri; font-weight:bold; "> </span><span style=" Arial; Calibri; font-weight:bold; "> </span><span style=" font-family:Arial; mso-fareast- Calibri; font-weight:bold; "> </span><span style=" Arial; Calibri; font-weight:bold; ">/</span><span style=" font-family:Arial; mso-fareast- Calibri; font-weight:bold; ">ti:</span><span style=" Arial; Calibri; font-weight:bold; ">/</span><span style=" font-family:Arial; mso-fareast- Calibri; font-weight:bold; "> </span><span style=" Arial; Calibri; font-weight:bold; "> </span><span style=" font-family:Arial; mso-fareast- Calibri; font-weight:bold; "> </span><span style=" Arial; Calibri; font-weight:bold; ">/</span><span style=" font-family:Arial; mso-fareast- Calibri; font-weight:bold; ">vi:</span><span style=" Arial; Calibri; font-weight:bold; ">/ /zi:/</span><span style=" font-family:Arial; mso-fareast- Calibri; font-weight:bold; "></span><br><br><span style=" font-family:Arial; mso-fareast- Calibri; font-weight:bold; text-decoration:underline; text-underline:single; ">3) 含元音音素[e]</span><span style=" font-family:Arial; mso-fareast- Calibri; font-weight:bold; "><br></span><span style=" font-family:Arial; mso-fareast- Calibri; font-weight:bold; "><br></span><div><span style=" font-family:Arial; mso-fareast- Calibri; font-weight:bold; "> 字母: Ff Ll Mm Nn Ss Xx Zz</span><span style=" font-family:Arial; mso-fareast- Calibri; font-weight:bold; "><br></span><span style=" font-family:Arial; mso-fareast- Calibri; font-weight:bold; "> 音标:</span><span style=" Arial; Calibri; font-weight:bold; "> </span><span style=" font-family:Arial; mso-fareast- Calibri; font-weight:bold; "> </span><span style=" Arial; Calibri; font-weight:bold; ">/</span><span style=" font-family:Arial; mso-fareast- Calibri; font-weight:bold; ">ef</span><span style=" Arial; Calibri; font-weight:bold; ">/</span><span style=" font-family:Arial; mso-fareast- Calibri; font-weight:bold; "> </span><span style=" Arial; Calibri; font-weight:bold; "> /</span><span style=" font-family:Arial; mso-fareast- Calibri; font-weight:bold; ">el</span><span style=" Arial; Calibri; font-weight:bold; ">/</span><span style=" font-family:Arial; mso-fareast- Calibri; font-weight:bold; "> </span><span style=" Arial; Calibri; font-weight:bold; ">/</span><span style=" font-family:Arial; mso-fareast- Calibri; font-weight:bold; ">em</span><span style=" Arial; Calibri; font-weight:bold; ">/</span><span style=" font-family:Arial; mso-fareast- Calibri; font-weight:bold; "> </span><span style=" Arial; Calibri; font-weight:bold; "> /</span><span style=" font-family:Arial; mso-fareast- Calibri; font-weight:bold; ">en</span><span style=" Arial; Calibri; font-weight:bold; ">/</span><span style=" font-family:Arial; mso-fareast- Calibri; font-weight:bold; "> </span><span style=" Arial; Calibri; font-weight:bold; "> /</span><span style=" font-family:Arial; mso-fareast- Calibri; font-weight:bold; ">es</span><span style=" Arial; Calibri; font-weight:bold; ">/</span><span style=" font-family:Arial; mso-fareast- Calibri; font-weight:bold; "> </span><span style=" Arial; Calibri; font-weight:bold; "> </span><span style=" font-family:Arial; mso-fareast- Calibri; font-weight:bold; "> </span><span style=" Arial; Calibri; font-weight:bold; ">/</span><span style=" font-family:Arial; mso-fareast- Calibri; font-weight:bold; ">eks</span><span style=" Arial; Calibri; font-weight:bold; ">/</span><span style=" font-family:Arial; mso-fareast- Calibri; font-weight:bold; "> </span><span style=" Arial; Calibri; font-weight:bold; "> /</span><span style=" font-family:Arial; mso-fareast- Calibri; font-weight:bold; ">zed</span><span style=" Arial; Calibri; font-weight:bold; ">/</span><span style=" font-family:Arial; mso-fareast- Calibri; font-weight:bold; "></span><br><br><span style=" font-family:Arial; mso-fareast- Calibri; font-weight:bold; text-decoration:underline; text-underline:single; ">4) 含元音音素[ju:]</span><span style=" font-family:Arial; mso-fareast- Calibri; font-weight:bold; "><br></span><span style=" font-family:Arial; mso-fareast- Calibri; font-weight:bold; "><br></span><div><span style=" font-family:Arial; mso-fareast- Calibri; font-weight:bold; "> 字母: Uu Qq Ww</span><span style=" font-family:Arial; mso-fareast- Calibri; font-weight:bold; "><br></span><span style=" font-family:Arial; mso-fareast- Calibri; font-weight:bold; "> 音标: </span><span style=" Arial; Calibri; font-weight:bold; "> /</span><span style=" font-family:Arial; mso-fareast- Calibri; font-weight:bold; ">ju:</span><span style=" Arial; Calibri; font-weight:bold; ">/ </span><span style=" font-family:Arial; mso-fareast- Calibri; font-weight:bold; "> </span><span style=" Arial; Calibri; font-weight:bold; ">/</span><span style=" font-family:Arial; mso-fareast- Calibri; font-weight:bold; ">kju:</span><span style=" Arial; Calibri; font-weight:bold; ">/ </span><span style=" font-family:Arial; mso-fareast- Calibri; font-weight:bold; "> </span><span style=" Arial; Calibri; font-weight:bold; ">/</span><span style=" font-family:Arial; mso-fareast- Calibri; font-weight:bold; ">d∧blju:</span><span style=" Arial; Calibri; font-weight:bold; ">/</span><span style=" font-family:Arial; mso-fareast- Calibri; font-weight:bold; "> </span><span style=" font-family:Arial; mso-fareast- Calibri; font-weight:bold; "></span><br><br><span style=" font-family:Arial; mso-fareast- Calibri; font-weight:bold; text-decoration:underline; text-underline:single; ">5) 含元音音素[ai]</span><span style=" font-family:Arial; mso-fareast- Calibri; font-weight:bold; "><br></span><span style=" font-family:Arial; mso-fareast- Calibri; font-weight:bold; "><br></span></div><div><span style=" font-family:Arial; mso-fareast- Calibri; font-weight:bold; "> 字母: Ii Yy</span><span style=" font-family:Arial; mso-fareast- Calibri; font-weight:bold; "><br></span><span style=" font-family:Arial; mso-fareast- Calibri; font-weight:bold; "> 音标: </span><span style=" Arial; Calibri; font-weight:bold; ">/</span><span style=" font-family:Arial; mso-fareast- Calibri; font-weight:bold; ">ai</span><span style=" Arial; Calibri; font-weight:bold; ">/</span><span style=" font-family:Arial; mso-fareast- Calibri; font-weight:bold; "> </span><span style=" Arial; Calibri; font-weight:bold; ">/</span><span style=" font-family:Arial; mso-fareast- Calibri; font-weight:bold; ">wai</span><span style=" Arial; Calibri; font-weight:bold; ">/</span><span style=" font-family:Arial; mso-fareast- Calibri; font-weight:bold; "> </span><span style=" font-family:Arial; mso-fareast- Calibri; font-weight:bold; "></span><br><br><span style=" Arial; Calibri; ">总结:不定冠词an+字母a、e、f、h、i、l、m、n、o、r、s、x</span><span style=" font-family:Arial; mso-fareast- Calibri; "> </span><span style=" Arial; Calibri; ">。</span><span style=" Arial; Calibri; "></span><br><br><span style=" Arial; Calibri; "><strong>二:运用</strong></span><span style=" font-family:Arial; mso-fareast- Calibri; "></span><br><br><span style=" Arial; Calibri; ">小学阶段要求学生区分字母,读音准确、书写规范。初中在此基础上还要掌握字母及其发音和分类,并在短语和句型中正确的运用。</span><span style=" font-family:Arial; mso-fareast- Calibri; "></span><br><br><span style=" Arial; Calibri; font-weight:bold; ">字母大写</span><span style=" Arial; Calibri; ">:</span><span style=" font-family:Arial; mso-fareast- Calibri; "></span><br><br><span>(1)句子</span><span>开头的</span><span>首字母要大写,包括引语中的句子。</span><br><br><span>(2)人名、地名、国名</span><span>、</span><span>种族、国籍、宗教、语言等要大写。例如:</span><br><br><span>Mary and Steve China and India Chinese, English</span><br><br><span>(</span><span>3)位于姓名前的称呼职称首字母要大写</span><span>:</span><br><br><span>M</span><span>rs Guo Uncle Wang</span><br><br><span>(</span><span>4)</span><span>报纸、杂志、电影、戏剧、歌曲、书名等</span><span>每个实词的首字母都要大写。</span><br><br><span>A Tale of the White Snake </span><br><br><span>(</span><span>5)</span><span>表示月份、星期、节日的名词要大写。例如:</span><br><br><span>Thanksgiving is celebrated on the third Thursday of November.</span><br><br><span>(</span><span>6)</span><span>缩写词</span><span>、特殊词汇、标志语首字母或全部大写:</span><br><br><span>KFC</span><br><br><span>(16)单词I</span><span>作</span><span>“我”</span><span>含义</span><span>时永远大写。</span><br><br><span style=" Arial; Calibri; font-weight:bold; ">缩写词</span><span style=" font-family:Arial; mso-fareast- Calibri; font-weight:bold; "></span><br><br><span style=" Arial; Calibri; ">写出下列缩写词的意思:</span><span style=" font-family:Arial; mso-fareast- Calibri; "></span><br><br><span style=" Arial; Calibri; ">WED_______ USA_______ TV________ NBA_________</span><span style=" font-family:Arial; mso-fareast- Calibri; "></span><br><br><span style=" Arial; Calibri; ">写出下列词语的英文缩略形式:</span><span style=" font-family:Arial; mso-fareast- Calibri; "></span><br><br><span style=" Arial; Calibri; ">香港 _______ 光盘 _______ 上午 _______ 肯德基_______</span><br><br><span style=" Calibri; Calibri; font-weight:bold; ">名词</span><span style=" font-family:Calibri; mso-fareast- font-weight:bold; "></span><br><br><span style=" Calibri; Calibri; font-weight:bold; ">1.概念</span><span style=" font-family:Calibri; mso-fareast- font-weight:bold; "></span><br><br><span style=" Calibri; Calibri; ">名词是表示人和事物或抽象概念的词。如:teacher, desk, </span><span style=" font-family:Calibri; mso-fareast- ">Japanese</span><span style=" Calibri; Calibri; ">, milk等。</span><span style=" font-family:Calibri; mso-fareast- "></span><br><br><span style="font-family:Calibri; mso-fareast- font-weight:bold; ">一、 </span><span style=" Calibri; Calibri; font-weight:bold; ">名词的分类:</span><span style=" font-family:Calibri; mso-fareast- font-weight:bold; "></span><br><br><span style=" Calibri; Calibri; font-weight:bold; ">1、按意义分: 专有名词和普通名词</span><span style=" font-family:Calibri; mso-fareast- font-weight:bold; "></span><br><br><span style=" font-family:Calibri; mso-fareast- ">专有名词主要指人名、地名及某些类人和事物专有的名称。例如: 1)人名:Mary, Mrs Green,2)地名:Beijing, West Lake </span><span style=" Calibri; Calibri; "> </span><span style=" font-family:Calibri; mso-fareast- ">3)某类人的名称:Americans, Russians </span><span style=" Calibri; Calibri; "> </span><span style=" font-family:Calibri; mso-fareast- ">4)某些抽象事物的名称:English, Chinese </span><span style=" Calibri; Calibri; "> </span><span style=" font-family:Calibri; mso-fareast- ">5)月份、周日及节日名称:May, Saturday, Easter </span><span style=" Calibri; Calibri; "> </span><span style=" font-family:Calibri; mso-fareast- ">6)书名、电影及诗歌的名称:</span><span style=" Calibri; Calibri; ">Gone</span><span style=" font-family:Calibri; mso-fareast- "> with the Wind </span><span style=" Calibri; Calibri; "> </span><span style=" font-family:Calibri; mso-fareast- ">7)对家人等的称呼:Mum, Dad, Uncle Tom 专有名词的第一个字母要大写。 </span><span style=" font-family:Calibri; mso-fareast- "></span><br><br><span style=" Calibri; Calibri; ">普通名词指的是那些不属于特定的人名、地名、事物名称或概念名称的名词,这类名词在名词中占绝大多数。例如,family, class, love, knowledge, life, chair, table等。普通名词可以分为可数名词和不可数名词。</span><span style=" font-family:Calibri; mso-fareast- "></span><br><br><span style=" Calibri; Calibri; font-weight:bold; ">2、</span><span style=" Calibri; Calibri; font-weight:bold; ">按单复数分:可数名词及不可数名词</span><span style=" font-family:Calibri; mso-fareast- "></span><br><br><span style=" Calibri; Calibri; ">可数名词是可以用简单的数词进行计数的名词,如table, chair, book等。</span><span style=" font-family:Calibri; mso-fareast- "></span><br><br><span style=" Calibri; Calibri; ">不可数名词指的是不可以用简单的数词进行计数的名词,如water, information等词。</span><span style=" font-family:Calibri; mso-fareast- "></span><br><br><span style=" Calibri; Calibri; font-weight:bold; ">2.1 常见的不可数名词</span><span style=" font-family:Calibri; mso-fareast- font-weight:bold; "></span><br><br><span style=" font-family:Calibri; mso-fareast- ">weather </span><span style=" Calibri; Calibri; ">天气 information 信息 work 工作 news 新闻;消息 music 音乐 room 空间bread 面包 advice 建议;忠告 space 空间 </span><span style=" font-family:Calibri; mso-fareast- "></span><br><br><span style=" Calibri; Calibri; font-weight:bold; ">2.2 注意下列词语在不同含义下词性的不同</span><span style=" font-family:Calibri; mso-fareast- font-weight:bold; "></span><br><br><span style=" font-family:Calibri; mso-fareast- ">chicken </span><span style=" Calibri; Calibri; ">鸡肉(不可数名词) 鸡(可数名词)</span><span style=" font-family:Calibri; mso-fareast- "></span><br><br><span style=" Calibri; Calibri; ">fish 鱼肉 (不可数名词) 鱼的种类(可数名词)</span><span style=" font-family:Calibri; mso-fareast- "></span><br><br><span style=" Calibri; Calibri; ">room 空间(不可数名词) 房间(可数名词)</span><span style=" font-family:Calibri; mso-fareast- "></span><br><br><span style=" Calibri; Calibri; ">orange 橙汁(不可数名词) 橙子(可数名词)</span><span style=" font-family:Calibri; mso-fareast- "></span><br><br><span style=" Calibri; Calibri; ">glass 玻璃 (不可数名词) 杯子(可数名词)</span><span style=" font-family:Calibri; mso-fareast- "></span><br><br><span style=" Calibri; Calibri; font-weight:bold; ">2.3 可数名词及不可数名词量的表示方法</span><span style=" font-family:Calibri; mso-fareast- font-weight:bold; "></span><br><br><span style=" font-family:Calibri; mso-fareast- ">1.两种名词都能修饰的数量词有:some, any, plenty of, a lot of, lots of等。 </span><span style=" font-family:Calibri; mso-fareast- "></span><br><br><span style=" font-family:Calibri; mso-fareast- ">2.用来修饰可数名词的数量词有:many, several</span><span style=" Calibri; Calibri; ">,</span><span style=" font-family:Calibri; mso-fareast- "> </span><span style=" Calibri; Calibri; ">some</span><span style=" font-family:Calibri; mso-fareast- ">, a number of, a pair of, a few, few等。 </span><span style=" font-family:Calibri; mso-fareast- "></span><br><br><span style=" font-family:Calibri; mso-fareast- ">3.用来修饰不可数名词的数量词有:much, a great deal of, </span><span style=" Calibri; Calibri; ">some</span><span style=" font-family:Calibri; mso-fareast- ">, a piece of, a little, little等。 </span><span style=" font-family:Calibri; mso-fareast- "></span><br><br><span style=" Calibri; Calibri; ">4. 不可数名词不能用a, an以及数词来表示量的多少,在英语中常借助于一个可数名词来表示不可数名词的量,例如:</span><span style=" font-family:Calibri; mso-fareast- "></span><br><br><span style=" font-family:Calibri; mso-fareast- ">a cup of water/milk/tea </span><span style=" Calibri; Calibri; ">一杯水/奶/茶 a glass of water 一杯水 </span><span style=" font-family:Calibri; mso-fareast- "></span><br><br><span style=" Calibri; Calibri; ">a bottle of water/milk/orange 一瓶水/牛奶/橙汁</span><span style=" font-family:Calibri; mso-fareast- "></span><br><br><span style=" Calibri; Calibri; ">a piece of paper/meat/news/music/bread 一张纸/一块肉/一条消息/一段音乐/一片面包</span><span style=" font-family:Calibri; mso-fareast- "></span><br><br><span style=" Calibri; Calibri; font-weight:bold; ">2.4 可数名词复数的构成规则</span><span style=" font-family:Calibri; mso-fareast- font-weight:bold; "></span><br><br><span style=" font-family:Calibri; mso-fareast- ">可数名词的复数形式通常是在单数形式后加-s或-es,现将其复数的一般构成方法及读音列表如下:</span></div><div><font face="Calibri"><br></font>
<table width="100%" border="1"><tbody><tr><td><br><strong>情况 <br></strong></td><td><strong><br>构成方法 <br></strong></td><td><strong><br>例词 <br></strong></td><td><strong><br>读音 </strong><br></td></tr><tr><td rowspan="2"><br>1. 一般情况 <br></td><td rowspan="2"><br>在词尾加-s<br></td><td><br>desk→desks <br><br>map→maps <br></td><td><br>-s在清辅音后发[s]音 <br></td></tr><tr><td><br>day→days <br><br>girl→girls <br></td><td><br>-s在元音和浊辅音后发[z] <br></td></tr><tr><td><br>2. 以s, x, ch, sh结尾的词 <br></td><td><br>在词尾加-es <br></td><td><br>bus →buses <br><br>box→boxes <br><br>watch→watches <br><br>fish→fishes <br></td><td><br>es发[iz]音 <br></td></tr><tr><td><br>3. 以辅音字母加y结尾的词 <br></td><td><br>变y为i再加-es <br></td><td><br>family→families <br><br>factory→factories <br><br>party→parties <br></td><td><br>-ies发[iz]音 <br></td></tr><tr><td><br>以元音字母加y结尾的词<br></td><td><br>直接加s<br></td><td><br>day→days <br><br>boy→boys <br><br>key→keys <br></td><td><br>-s发[z]音 <br></td></tr><tr><td><br>4. 以f或fe 结尾的词 <br></td><td><br>变f或fe为v再加-es <br></td><td><br>knife→knives <br><br>life→lives <br><br>wife→wives <br><br>half→halves <br></td><td><br>-ves发[vz]音 <br></td></tr><tr><td><br>5. 以辅音字母加o结尾的词 <br></td><td><br>在词尾加-es <br></td><td><br>potato→potatoes <br><br>tomato→tomatoes <br><br>hero→ heroes <br></td><td><br>-es发[z]音 <br></td></tr><tr><td><br><o:p> </o:p><br></td><td><br><o:p> </o:p><br></td><td><br>radio→radios <br><br>zoo→zoos <br></td><td><br>-s发[z]音 <br></td></tr></tbody></table>
<br><span style=" Calibri; Calibri; ">单、复数同形的词有:sheep羊 fish鱼 deer鹿 people人,人们 police警察。</span><span style=" font-family:Calibri; mso-fareast- "></span><br><br><span style=" Calibri; Calibri; ">不规则复数形式的词有:man</span><span style=" font-family:Calibri; mso-fareast- ">—</span><span style=" Calibri; Calibri; ">men人,男人 woman</span><span style=" font-family:Calibri; mso-fareast- ">—</span><span style=" Calibri; Calibri; ">women妇女 policeman</span><span style=" font-family:Calibri; mso-fareast- ">—</span><span style=" Calibri; Calibri; ">policemen男警察 policewoman-policewomen 女警察 mouse</span><span style=" font-family:Calibri; mso-fareast- ">—</span><span style=" Calibri; Calibri; ">mice老鼠,鼠标 tooth</span><span style=" font-family:Calibri; mso-fareast- ">—</span><span style=" Calibri; Calibri; ">teeth牙齿 child-children 孩子,儿童 foot</span><span style=" font-family:Calibri; mso-fareast- ">—</span><span style=" Calibri; Calibri; ">feet脚,英尺。</span><span style=" font-family:Calibri; mso-fareast- "></span><br><br><span style=" Calibri; Calibri; ">复合名词的复数形式:a man teacher</span><span style=" font-family:Calibri; mso-fareast- ">—</span><span style=" Calibri; Calibri; ">two men teachers a woman doctor</span><span style=" font-family:Calibri; mso-fareast- ">—</span><span style=" Calibri; Calibri; ">two women doctors</span><span style=" font-family:Calibri; mso-fareast- "></span><br><br><span style=" Calibri; Calibri; font-weight:bold; ">三、名词所有格</span><span style=" font-family:Calibri; mso-fareast- font-weight:bold; "></span><br><br><span style=" Calibri; Calibri; ">表示所属关系,相当于物主代词,在句中作定语、宾语或主语。其构成法如下:</span><span style=" font-family:Calibri; mso-fareast- "></span><br><br><span style=" Calibri; Calibri; ">(1)表示人或其它有生命的东西的名词常在词尾加</span><span style=" font-family:Calibri; mso-fareast- ">’s</span><span style=" Calibri; Calibri; ">。如</span><span style=" font-family:Calibri; mso-fareast- ">:Children’s Day</span><span style=" Calibri; Calibri; ">(儿童节),</span><span style=" font-family:Calibri; mso-fareast- "> my sister’s book</span><span style=" Calibri; Calibri; ">(我姐姐的书)</span><span style=" font-family:Calibri; mso-fareast- "></span><br><br><span style=" Calibri; Calibri; ">(2)以</span><span style=" font-family:Calibri; mso-fareast- ">s</span><span style=" Calibri; Calibri; ">或</span><span style=" font-family:Calibri; mso-fareast- ">es</span><span style=" Calibri; Calibri; ">结尾的复数名词。只在词尾加</span><span style=" font-family:Calibri; mso-fareast- ">’</span><span style=" Calibri; Calibri; ">。如:</span><span style=" font-family:Calibri; mso-fareast- ">Teachers’ Day</span><span style=" Calibri; Calibri; ">(教师节)</span><span style=" font-family:Calibri; mso-fareast- "></span><br><br><span style=" Calibri; Calibri; ">(3)有些表示时间、距离以及世界、国家、城镇等无生命的名词,也可在词尾加</span><span style=" font-family:Calibri; mso-fareast- ">’s. </span><span style=" Calibri; Calibri; ">如:</span><span style=" font-family:Calibri; mso-fareast- "></span><br><br><span style=" font-family:Calibri; mso-fareast- ">today’s newspaper</span><span style=" Calibri; Calibri; ">(今天的报纸)</span><span style=" font-family:Calibri; mso-fareast- ">, ten minutes’ break</span><span style=" Calibri; Calibri; ">(十分钟的课间休息)</span><span style=" font-family:Calibri; mso-fareast- ">,</span><span style=" Calibri; Calibri; "> five minutes</span><span style=" font-family:Calibri; mso-fareast- ">’</span><span style=" Calibri; Calibri; "> walk五分钟的步行</span><span style=" font-family:Calibri; mso-fareast- ">.</span><span style=" font-family:Calibri; mso-fareast- "></span><br><br><span style=" Calibri; Calibri; ">(4)无论表示有生命还是无生命的名词,均可用介词</span><span style=" font-family:Calibri; mso-fareast- ">of</span><span style=" Calibri; Calibri; ">短语来表示所有关系。如:</span><span style=" font-family:Calibri; mso-fareast- "></span><br><br><span style=" Calibri; Calibri; ">a friend of my mother 我妈妈的一个朋友。 t</span><span style=" font-family:Calibri; mso-fareast- ">he front door of the house 那屋子的前门 </span><span style=" font-family:Calibri; mso-fareast- "></span><br><br><span style=" font-family:Calibri; mso-fareast- "> [</span><span style=" Calibri; Calibri; ">注意</span><span style=" font-family:Calibri; mso-fareast- ">]</span><span style=" Calibri; Calibri; ">:</span><span style=" font-family:Calibri; mso-fareast- "> </span><span style=" font-family:Calibri; mso-fareast- "></span><br><br><span style=" Calibri; Calibri; ">①Tom</span><span style=" font-family:Calibri; mso-fareast- ">’</span><span style=" Calibri; Calibri; ">s and Jim</span><span style=" font-family:Calibri; mso-fareast- ">’</span><span style=" Calibri; Calibri; ">s + 复数名词, 意为“Tom和Jim分别所有的。。。。。。”</span><span style=" font-family:Calibri; mso-fareast- "></span><br><br><span style=" Calibri; Calibri; ">②</span><span style=" font-family:Calibri; mso-fareast- "> </span><span style=" Calibri; Calibri; ">两人共有某物时,可以采用 </span><span style=" font-family:Calibri; mso-fareast- ">A and B’s </span><span style=" Calibri; Calibri; ">的形式,如:</span><span style=" font-family:Calibri; mso-fareast- ">Lucy and Lily’s bedroom(</span><span style=" Calibri; Calibri; ">露西和丽丽合住的卧室)</span><span style=" font-family:Calibri; mso-fareast- "></span><br><br><span style=" Calibri; Calibri; ">③ “</span><span style=" font-family:Calibri; mso-fareast- ">of+</span><span style=" Calibri; Calibri; ">名词所有格/名词性物主代词”, 称为双重所有格, 如:</span><span style=" font-family:Calibri; mso-fareast- ">a friend of my father’s(</span><span style=" Calibri; Calibri; ">我父亲的一位朋友)</span><span style=" font-family:Calibri; mso-fareast- ">,</span><span style=" Calibri; Calibri; "> </span><span style=" font-family:Calibri; mso-fareast- ">a friend of mine</span><span style=" Calibri; Calibri; "> </span><span style=" font-family:Calibri; mso-fareast- ">(</span><span style=" Calibri; Calibri; ">我的一位朋友</span><span style=" font-family:Calibri; mso-fareast- ">)</span><span style=" font-family:Calibri; mso-fareast- "></span><br><br><span style=" Calibri; Calibri; font-weight:bold; ">练 习</span><span style=" font-family:Calibri; mso-fareast- font-weight:bold; "></span><br><br><span><strong>一、写出下列词的复数</strong></span><span> </span><br><br><span>1.book__________</span><span> </span><span>2.bus ______</span><span>_____</span><span> </span><span> </span><span>3.orange _______</span><span>___ </span><span>4.baby_________</span><br><br><span>5.boy______</span><span>_______</span><span> 6.</span><span>city </span><span> ________</span><span>_ </span><span>7.</span><span>man </span><span>_______</span><span>___</span><span> </span><span> </span><span>8.knife______</span><span>_____</span><span> </span><br><br><span>9.watch________</span><span>____</span><span>10.sheep______</span><span>_______</span><span>11.tooth_____</span><span>_______</span><span>12.leaf ____</span><span>________</span><br><br><span>13.German__________</span><span>______</span><span>14.Chinese_________</span><span> 15.house __________</span><br><br><span><strong>二、选择正确的答案</strong></span><br><br><span>( )1.—Are those ______?</span><br><br><span>---No, they aren’t. They’re _____.</span><br><br><span>A. sheep ; cows </span><span> </span><span>B. sheep ; cow</span><span> </span><span>C. sheeps ; cow D. sheeps ; cows</span><br><br><span>( )2.Mum, I’m quite thirsty. Please give me ____.</span><br><br><span>A. two orange </span><span> </span><span>B. two bottles of orange</span><br><br><span>C. two bottles orange </span><span> </span><span>D. two bottles of oranges</span><br><br><span>( )3.I have got ___ news from my friend. Do you want to know?</span><br><br><span>A. a very good B. any</span><br><br><span>C. a piece of D. two pieces</span><br><br><span>( )4.___ room is on the 5th floor.</span><br><br><span>A. Lucy and Lily B. Lucy and Lily’s</span><br><br><span>C. Lucy’s and Lily D. Lucy’s and Lily’s</span><br><br><span>( ) 5.Every morning Mr. Smith takes a ____ to his office.</span><br><br><span>A. 20 minutes’ walk </span><span> </span><span>B. 20 minute’s walk</span><br><br><span>C. 20-minutes walk </span><span> </span><span>D. 20-minute walk</span><br><br><span>( ) 6.Jack and Tom are ____.</span><br><br><span>A. good friends B. good friend</span><br><br><span>C. a good friend D. good a friend</span><br><br><span>( ) 7.It’s only about ten ____ walk to the nearest post office.</span><br><br><span>A. minutes </span><span> </span><span>B. minute’s </span><span> </span><span>C. minutes’ </span><span> </span><span>D. minute</span><br><br><span>( ) 8.He often has ____ for breakfast.</span><br><br><span>A. two breads B. two piece of breads</span><br><br><span>C. two pieces of bread D. two pieces of breads</span><br><br><span>( ) 9.Mrs. Green has two ____. They’re very bright.</span><br><br><span>A. childs </span><span> </span><span>B. child </span><span> </span><span> C. children’s</span><span> </span><span> D. children</span><br><br><span>( ) 10.What did the headmaster say about Jim’s ______.</span><br><br><span>A. two months holiday</span><span> </span><span> B. two months’ holiday</span><br><br><span>C. two-month holiday</span><span> </span><span> D. two month’s holidays</span><br><br><span>( ) 11.I won’t go there with you, for I have a lot of ____ to do.</span><br><br><span>A. works B. job C. work D. working</span><br><br><span>( ) 12.Li Lei is a friend of ___.</span><br><br><span>A. I sister B. my sister’s </span><span> </span><span>C. me sister D. my sister of</span><br><br><span>( ) 13.Have you read ____?</span><br><br><span>A. today’s B. today paper</span><br><br><span>C. the today’s paper D. today’s paper</span><br><br><span>( ) 14.How many ___ are there in the room?</span><br><br><span>A. boxes B. box C. boxs D. boxxes</span><br><br><span>( ) 15.Many ____ have been built in our city since 1987.</span><br><br><span>A. factorys B. factories</span><span> </span><span>C. factoryes D. factorys</span><br><br><span>( ) 16.There are lots of ___ in the basket on the table.</span><br><br><span>A. tomatos</span><span> </span><span> B. tomato </span><span> </span><span>C. tomatoes </span><span> </span><span>D. tomatoss</span><br><br><span>( ) 17.The cat caught two ___ last night.</span><br><br><span>A. mouses </span><span> </span><span>B. mice </span><span> </span><span>C. mouse D. mices</span><br><br><span>( ) 18.Jack went to have two ___ pulled out yesterday afternoon.</span><br><br><span>A. tooths B. tooth C. teeth D. toothes</span><br><br><span>( ) 19.In our school there are fifty-five ___.</span><br><br><span>A. women teachers B. woman teachers </span><br><br><span>C. women teacher D. woman’s teacher</span><br><br><span>( )2</span><span>0</span><span>.The three ___ will be put into prison.</span><br><br><span>A. thiefs </span><span> </span><span> B. thief </span><span> </span><span>C. thieves </span><span> </span><span>D. thiefs’</span><br><br></div></div></div></div>
六年级下